J. of Chinese Trad. & Herb. Drugs (Zhongcaoyao) 34 (1), 128-129 (2003). TLC on silica gel with cyclohexane - ethyl acetate 4:1. Detection by spraying with 50% phosphomolybdic acid in ethanol, and heating at 110°C for 5 min. Quantitation by densitometry at 610 nm and with the standard addition calibration method.

Koch ex Dc. J. Planar Chromatogr. 16, 421-424 (2003). TLC and 2-D TLC of phenolic acids (p-coumaric, chlorogenic, hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, rosmarinic, syringic, isovanillic, vanillic, protocatechuic, ferulic, g-resorcylic, b-resorcylic, and gentisic acid) on cellulose with toluene - ethyl formate - formic acid 5:4:1, sodium formate - formic acid - water 10:1:200, and 15% aqueous acetic acid for one-dimensional separation and after preconditioning with benzene - methanol - acetic acid 94:1:5 for 5 min with benzene - methanol - acetic acid - acetonitrile 16:2:1:1 in the first direction and sodium formate - formic acid - water 10:1:200 in the second direction. Detection under UV 254 and 366 nm. Visualization also by 3% methanolic solution of iron(III) chloride and 1:1 diazotized sulfanilic acid in 20% sodium carbonate solution.

CBS 86, 13-15 (2001). HPTLC on silica gel (prewashed with methanol) with THF - toluene - formic acid - water 16:8:2:1 for flavonoids and toluene - ethyl acetate 9:2 for diterpenes. Detection of flavonoids by dipping in natural products reagent followed by dipping in PEG 6000 solution. Detection of diterpenes by dipping in anisaldehyde reagent. Evaluation with video technology.

CBS 91, 12-13 (2003). HPTLC of flavonoids with tetrahydrofuran - toluene - formic acid - water 16:8:2:1, diterpenes with toluene - ethyl acetate 9:2, and iridoids with ethyl acetate - methanol - water 77:15:8 (with chamber saturation), in horizontal developing chamber over 52 mm. Detection of flavonoids by dipping warm plate in natural products reagent (0.5 % in ethyl acetate) followed by dipping in PEG 400 solution (5 % in dichloromethane), of diterpenes by dipping in 10 % methanolic sulfuric acid followed by heating at 105 °C, and iridoids by dipping in 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde reagent (1 % in 1 N methanolic HCl). Visual evaluation at 366 nm (flavonoids), white light (diterpenes), and white light with sharp cut filter 560 nm (iridoids). Stability of extracts was investigated under drastic stress conditions (acid, base, light, heat, humidity).

J. Planar Chromatogr. 18, 314-318 (2005). TLC of iridoids (e. g. aucubin, catalpol, harpagide, 8-O-acetylharpagide, ajugoside) from aqueous plant extracts on silica gel with chloroform - methanol - water 25:10:1 and 160:55:8 and ethyl acetate - formic acid 7:4. Detection by spraying with a solution of 1 % 4-dimethylaminebenzaldehyde in conc. HCl containing acetic anhydride (Ehrlich’s reagent) and heating at 105 °C for 5 min. Quantitation by densitometry at 540 nm.

J. AOAC Int. 88, 1571-1577 (2005). TLC and HPTLC of narceine, morphine, codeine, thebaine, papaverine, and narcotine on silica gel with toluene - acetone - ethanol - 25% ammonia 20:20:3:1. Detection with Dragendorff’s reagent with sodium nitrite, densitometric evaluation at 520 nm. For UV-detection, Naturstoff reagent A (diphenylboric acid 2-amino ethyl ester) was used; quantitation by densitometry at 310 nm.

Marine Drugs 12 (5), 2633-2667 (2014). The saponin-enriched isobutanol-soluble fraction of a prepurified ethanol – water 7:3 extract of the viscera (all intern organs after removal of the body wall) of Holothuria lessoni Massin & al. (2009) was submitted to high performance centrifugal partition chromatography (HPCPC), before direct MS injection. For the monitoring of the HPCPC, TLC of subfractions on silica gel with the lower phase of chloroform – methanol – water 7:13:8. Detection under UV light and by spraying with 15 % sulfuric acid in ethanol followed by heating at 110 °C for 15 min, and evaluation in daylight, saponins are hued in maroon/dark purple. At least 39 new saponins and 36 reported triterpene glycosides (including holothurins, argusides and leucospilotasides), containing different aglycones and sugar moieties, were identified in the viscera of this sea cucumber.

Planta Med. 71, 364-365 (2005). Analytical TLC of surangin B on silica gel with chloroform - toluene 1:1 and toluene - acetone 9:1. Detection under UV light at 254 nm.