Beijing J. of Trad. Chinese Med. 31 (6), 458-460 (2012). Qieshisan medical powder is a herbal TCM preparation for the treatment of eczema and skin exudate erosion. For quality control 1) microscopy of Scutellaria baicalensis and Rheum palmatum L. (mixing the powder with chloral hydrate on a slide and heating until the slide looks transparent; 2) TLC of natural Indigo and the standards indirubin and indigo, on silica gel with toluene – chloroform – acetone 5:4:1, detection in daylight; 3) Quantification of baicalin by HPLC.

J. of China Pharm. 21 (11), 32-34 (2012). Jianxin Jiaonang capsule is a herbal TCM for cardiovascular diseases, such as viral myocarditis, arrhythmia, etc. For quality control, TLC on silica gel 1) for Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge and the standard astragaloside A, with chloroform – methanol – water 13:7:2, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 105 °C until the zones are visible in daylight; 2) for Radix Sophorae flavescentis and the standard matrine, with benzene – acetone - ethyl acetate – concentrated ammonia 10:15:20:1, detection by spraying with 5 % potassium iodobismuthate in water – hydrochloric acid 200:1, detection in daylight. TLC of astragaloside A in extracts of the formulation on silica gel with chloroform – methanol – acetone 2:1:2, detection as mentioned. Quantification of astragaloside A by densitometry at 510 nm. The linearity was in the range of 0.54-5.4 μg/zone (r=0.9991, n=6), the stability of the same spot within 2 hours was 2.1 % (%RSD, n=9), precision within plate (%RSD, n=5) was 2.7 %, repeatability (%RSD, n=5) was 3.8 %, and recovery was 97.6 % (%RSD=2.1 %, n=5).

Chinese J. of Henan Agr. Sci. (1), 45-47 (2014). Baogan is a herbal TCM effective in improving liver function, regulating immune function and is prescribed for the treatment of liver stasis and spleen deficiency syndrome, primary carcinoma of liver, liver cirrhosis, liver ascites etc. For quality control, TLC of the sample extract and the standard chrysophanol on silica gel 1) for Rheum palmatum L., with petroleum ether (30-60 °C) – ethyl formate – formic acid 15:5:1, detection a) under UV 366 nm, b) in daylight after exposure to ammonia vapors; 2) for Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge and the standard astragaloside IV, with chloroform – methanol – water 13:7:2, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 105 °C until the zones are visible in daylight; 3) for Lignum sappan, with chloroform – acetone – formic acid 14:4:1, detection a) in daylight after letting the plates stand for 6 hours, b) under UV 366 nm; 4) for Radix bupleuri and the standard saikosaponin A, with ethyl acetate – ethanol – water 8:2:1, detection by spraying with 2 % p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde in 40 % sulfuric acid and heating at 60 °C until the zones are visible in daylight.

J. of China Pharm. 22 (17), 32-33 (2013). Guiqi Tongru Heji compound oral liquid is a herbal TCM preparation for the treatment of postpartum hypogalactia. For quality control, TLC on silica gel 1) for Vaccaria segetalis, with chloroform – methanol – water 15:7:2, detection by spraying with fresh solution of (bismuth subnitrate - glacial acetic acid – water 17:200:800) – 40 % potassium iodate – glacial acetic acid – water 1:1:4:15, evaluation in daylight; 2) for Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl., with ethyl acetate - methanol – formic acid – glacial acetic acid - water 30:1:2:2:4, detection by spraying with 1 % vanillin in sulfuric acid – ethanol 1:4 and heating at 105 °C until the zones were visible in daylight; 3) for Angelica sinensis, with n-hexane – ethyl acetate 4:1, detection under UV 366 nm.

Chinese J. Food & Drug 16 (2), 116-119 (2014). Tibetan Wuwei Ganluyaoyu Tangsan powder is a TCM for the treatment of rheumatism, rheumatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, hemiplegia, skin diseases, women's postpartum disease, etc. For quality control, HPTLC on silica gel (1) for Ephedra sinica Stapf, (1R,2S)-(-)-ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride with chloroform – methanol – concentrated ammonia 4:1:0.1, detection by spraying with 0.1 % ninhydrin in acetone and heating at 105 °C until the spots were visible; (2) for Rhododendron anthopogonoides Maxim. with petroleum ether (60-90 °C) – ethyl acetate 9:1, detection by spraying with 5 % vanillin in sulfuric acid – ethanol 1:4 and heating at 105 °C until the spots were visible; (3) for Juniperus formosana Hayata with dichloromethane – methanol – formic acid 5:0.7:0.5, detection at UV 366 nm after spraying with 3% aluminum trichloride in ethanol and heating at 105 °C; (4) for Artemisia sieversiana Ehrhart ex Willd. with cyclohexane – acetone 5:6, detection as before.

J. Beijing Univ. Agr. 29 (2), 33-35 (2014). Qishen Koufuye oral solution is a TCM preparation for the treatment of chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcer, etc. For quality control, TLC on silica gel (1) for Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge. and astragaloside A with ethyl acetate – butanone – formic acid – water 5:3:1:1, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 105 °C for 5 min, evaluation under white light and at UV 366 nm; (2) for Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. with cyclohexane - ethyl acetate 7:3, detection by spraying with 5 % p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in sulfuric acid – ethanol 1:4 and heating at 105 °C for 5 min, evaluation at UV 366 nm; (3) for Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. with ethyl acetate – formic acid – glacial acetic acid – water 15:1:1:2, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 105 °C for 5 min, evaluation under white light and at UV 366 nm. Identification of Radix Codonopsis by HPLC.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 28, 218-222 (2015). HPTLC of Tripterygium wilfordii from QiYi capsule on silica gel with chloroform - diethyl ether 6.2:1. Detection at UV 365 nm. 9 common peaks were selected to evaluate the similarities of 10 batches. The HPTLC method revealed a standardized consistency and reliable quality of QiYi.

by the combination of high-performance thin-layer chromatography with direct bioautography and mass spectrometry. J. of Chromatogr. A 1422, 310-317 (2015). Investigation of two tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) essential oils, obtained by steam distillation of the capitula with subsequent liquid-liquid extraction (oil 1) or with use of an auxiliary phase for the trapping of the steam components (oil 2), against Bacillus subtilis F1276, B. subtilis spizizenii (DSM 618), Xanthomonas euvesicatoria, Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola, Ralstonia solanacearum strain GMI1000 and Aliivibrio fischeri by using the coupling of HPTLC to direct bioautography (HPTLC-DB). Oil 2 was richer in components and provided more inhibition zones due to the advanced extraction process. Identification of the main bioactive components by scanning HPTLC-direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (HPTLC-DART-MS) and solid-phase microextraction GC electron impact MS (SPME-GC-EI-MS) as cis- and trans-chrysanthenol as well as trans-chrysanthenyl acetate. The results indicated that cis-chrysanthenol exhibited antibacterial effects against all tested bacteria. Trans-chrysanthenol inhibited B. subtilis, R. solanacearum and A. fischeri, and trans-chrysanthenyl acetate was an inhibitor for X. euvesicatoria, R. solanacearum and A. fischeri. However, the ionization characteristics and the recorded mass spectra showed that DART is a softer ionization technique than EI and more affected by ambient conditions and thus prone to additional oxidation products, although HPTLC-DART-MS resulted in a comparable fragmentation.