J. Liquid Chromatogr. 16, 1819-1831 (1993). TLC of major phospholipid classes on silica with chloroform - methanol - ethyl acetate 40% methylamine 2:2:2:1. Detection by heating at 180 °C for 3 min., spraying with 10% H3PO4, and charring at 180 °C for 20 min. Quantification by densitometry at 400 nm.

Anal. Biochem. 223, 232-238 (1994). Description of a method for purifying glycosphingolipids and phospholipids by using TLC blotting. Separation of glycosphingolipids by two-dimensional TLC and detection with primuline reagent. Transfer of the separated spots by TLC blotting to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane, and extraction; monitoring by TLC.

J. Agric. Food Chem. 46, 1836-1843 (1998). Combination of different chromatographic techniques. TLC of triglycerides on silica gel incubated overnight with 20% silver nitrate solution. After drying activation at 100°C for 30 min. The mobile phase for the triglycerides (incl. triolein and tristearin as standards) was chloroform. Visualization by spraying with a 0.15% ethanolic solution of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein and observation under UV. Quantitation after elution by GC.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 12, 397-399 (1999). HPTLC of neutral lipids (e.g. cholesteryl oleate, methyl oleate, triolein, oleic acid, cholesterol) on silica gel with petroleum ether - ether - acetic acid 40:10:1, after precleaning of the plates with dichloromethane - methanol 2:1. Detection as blue zones against a yellow background by spraying with a 50 % ethanolic phosphomolybdic acid and heating at 110°C for 15 min. Quantitation by densitometry at 700 nm.

J. Liq. Chrom. & Rel. Technol. 24, 1479-1490 (2001). Description of a portable system for performing rapid TLC screening of tubercolosis pharmaceuticals (ethambutol hydrochloride, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, rifampin, streptomycin sulfate and combinations thereof) using a polyethylene bag as the developing chamber with the iodine detection method designed for use in field-type operations. TLC on silica gel coated plastic sheets containing a fluorescent indicator F 254. Mobile phases used are methanol - conc. NH3 25:0.38, methanol - acetone - conc. NH3 13:17:1, or ethyl acetate - acetic acid - conc. NH3 - water 3:3:1:1. Detection under UV 254 nm or by dipping into a iodine - potassium iodide detection reagent solution. Quick, economical, and reliable TLC method.

CBS 89, 12-15 (2002). HPTLC on silica gel with chloroform - methanol - water - ammonia 24% 65:30:4:2 over 90 mm with chamber saturation for 30 min. Detection by dipping in CuSO4/H3PO4 reagent for 8 s followed by heating at 170 °C for 10 min. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 500 nm. Comparising operating costs the HPTLC analysis appears preferable for quality control of samples with known content. HPLC is more cost effective for the analysis of samples with unknown content.

Anal. Chem. 77, 4098-4107 (2005). Novel method for direct coupling of HPTLC with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for the analysis of biomolecules. HPTLC of gangliosides on silica gel with chloroform - methanol - water 24:17:4 containing 2 mM calcium chloride, with chamber saturation for 20 min. Detection by dipping for 10 s in 0.3 % (w/v) orcinol in 3 M sulfuric acid, followed by heating at 110 °C. Use of a glycerol as matrix, which provides a homogeneous wetting of the silica gel and a simple and fast preparation protocol. Use of an Er:YAG infrared laser, which ablates layers of 10 µm thickness of analyte-loaded silica gel and provides a soft desorption/ionization of even very labile analyte molecules. The orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometer employed in this study, finally provides a high accuracy of the mass determination, which is independent of any irregularity of the silica gel surface. The method is demonstrated by the compositional mapping of a native GM3 (II3-r- Neu5Ac-LacCer) ganglioside mixture from cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells. The analysis is characterized by a high relative sensitivity, allowing the simultaneous detection of various major and minor GM3 species directly from analyte bands. The lateral resolution of the direct HPTLC-MALDI-MS analysis is defined by the laser focus diameter of currently 200 µm. This allows one to determine mobility profiles of individual species with a higher resolution than by reading off the chromatogram by optical absorption.

Chinese J. Biochem. and Biophys. Adv. (Shengwu Huaxue Yu Shengwu Wuli Jinzhan) 19, 477-478 (1992). TLC of gangliosides on silica with chloroform - methanol - 0.25% CaCl2 60:40:9, after isolation by reverse-phase column chromatography. Detection by spraying with resorcinol reagent. Discussion of the isolation procedure