Phytochem. Anal. 20, 154-158 (2009). TLC of the purgative constituents of rhubarb (sennoside A and sennoside B) on silica gel with 1-propanol - ethyl acetate - water - acetic acid 40:40:30:1. After drying detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid and heating. For the eastern blotting assay the developed TLC plate was dried and sprayed with isopropanol - methanol - water 1:4:16. Transfer by using a PVDF membrane sheet for further treatment.

J. Chromatogr. A 1577, 101-108 (2018). In order to overcome the difficulty of the interpretation of the MS signals present at a low intensity for unknown degradation products or impurities, a new strategy and open-source software called eicCluster was developed. It offered unsupervised machine learning algorithms and powerful interactive visualization tools that made data processing fast and intuitive. The low-intensity HPTLC-HRMS signals were highlighted in a stressed formulation by using eicCluster. Thus, even compound ions present at low intensities were separated in subclusters from background signals (in silico highlighting). The respective preprocessing led to intensity-agnostic signals and the t-SNE algorithm clustered mass signals based on their similarity. The resulting 2D maps allowed a new view on the data set to such low-intensity target molecules in complex mixtures. Moreover, the targeted on-surface synthesis of degradation products (in situ highlighting) was shown to support a fast structure elucidation, when standards are not commercially available. It allowed a better understanding of the proposed degradation reactions in the formulation. Comparison with the results of stressed samples as well as the proposed degradation products of on-surface synthesis proved that in silico and in situ signal highlighting substantially eased structure elucidation and data processing.

for thin-layer chromatography). TLC of herbal constituents, isopimaric acid, sesamin, paulownin, curolione, curcumo, artemether, emodin, artemisinin, gossypol and gallic acid. Detection by spraying with 1 % vanillin in 60% sulphuric acid. Pharmaceutical research, Chinese herbal medicines.

Part 2. Chromatographic applications. Anal. Chim. Acta 227, 155-163 (1989). TLC of coumarin-6-sulphonyl chloride derivatized amino acids on silica with chloroform – ethyl acetate – methanol – acetic acid 20:20:9:1. Detection by absorbance at 320 nm, or by spraying with ethanol, by fluorescence 366/>500 nm at 77°K. Detection limits in the ng level of analyte for both procedures.

Anal. Biochem. 217, 335-337 (1994). TLC of cyclic peptides on silica with butanol - acetic acid - water 4:1:1. Immersion of the plates in 20% trichloroacetic acid solution for 10 min, and in 0.3% aqueous Serwa Blue W solution for 5 min with gentle shaking. Detection sensitivity, less than 1 µg (0.7 nmol) peptide per spot.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 10, 63-67 (1997). TLC of unsaturated fatty acids (cis-6-, cis-9-, cis-11-, cis-12-, cis-13-, trans-9-, trans-11-octadienoic acid, cis-6,9,12- and cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid) on silica, silica-kieselguhr and silica impregnated with a 10% solution of paraffin in hexane. Eluents were heptane - acetone 4:1 for adsorption TLC and acetic acid - water 9:1 for partition TLC. Visualization with aqueous solutions (0.5 g/L) of aniline blue, alkaline blue, brilliant green, and neutral red; and in 2% aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions (0.5 g/L) of bromothymol blue, thymol blue, bromophenol blue, phenol red, helasol green, bromocresol green, and brilliant cresyl blue. The most advantageous visualizing effects in adsorption and partition TLC were obtained with aniline blue. Detection limits 2-3 µg of unsaturated fatty acids.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 14, 462-463 (2001). TLC of 22 amino acids on silica gel with n-propanol - water 7:3. Detection by spraying with a modified ninhydrin reagent resulting in a variety of distinguishable colors with most amino acids, and with high sensitivity: Visualization by spraying with 1% 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde in acetone (reagent 1) and after drying, heating at 110°C for 10 min, cooling, spraying with 0.25% ninhydrin in acetone (reagent 2).

Chromatographia 70 (1-2), 305-308 (2009). Description of color channel selection, three-dimensional visualization, and acquisition time of computerized image analysis for one-dimensional planar separation, known as computerized image analysis or video densitometry. This is an efficient, low-cost technique for quantitative and qualitative analysis of planar separations, e.g. planar chromatography and gel electrophoresis. The image of the TLC plate is captured in black and white, then the proper color channel of the image is selected in order to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio. To facilitate image evaluation a three-dimensional visualization of the planar image was applied by use of OpenGL technology. It was found that the sensitivity is increased by use of longer acquisition times whereas linearity of quantitative analysis is reduced.