Phytochem. Anal. 29, 452-462 (2018). HPTLC of apigenin(1), luteolin (2), kaempferol (3), quercetin (4), kaempferol‐3‐O‐glucoside (5), quercetin‐3‐O‐glucoside (6), isorhamnetin‐3‐O‐neohesperidoside (7) and rutin (8) in the fruits and aerial parts of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel), Pimpinella anisum (anise), Carum carvi (caraway), Cuminum cyminum (cumin), Coriandrum sativum (coriander), Apium graveolens (celery), Petroselinum crispum (parsley), and Anethum graveolens (dill) on silica gel with ethyl acetate – methanol – water – acetic acid 3:1:1:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 254 nm. Heat maps and hierarchical clustering were performed for image processing. The hRF values for (1) to (8) were 97, 90, 83, 73, 30, 17, 7 and 2, respectively. LOD and LOQ were 54 and 166 ng/zone for (1), 52 and 157 ng/zone for (2), 58 and 177 ng/zone for (3), 37 and 112 ng/zone for (4), 57 and 172 ng/zone for (5), 54 and 164 ng/zone for (6), 55 and 169 ng/zone for (7) and 58 and 178 ng/zone for (8), respectively. The intermediate precision was <2 % (n=6). Average recovery was 98.4 % for (1), 92.3 % for (2), 95.3 % for (3), 96.8 % for (4), 94.5 % for (5), 95.6 % for (6), 95.1 % for (7) and 97.3 % for (8).

Demonstrated by some typical application examples in the analysis of Chinese traditional Medicines. Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Instrum. Planar Chromatogr., (Interlaken 1991), Inst. Chromatogr., Bad Dürkheim, FRG, 195-205 (1991). Some application examples of using quantitative thin-layer chromatography for the analysis of pharmaceutical products, especially of Chinese traditional medicinal materials are presented. 1) TLC of coptis (goldthread) on silica with ethyl acetate - methanol - chloroform - ethylendiamine - water 80:25:2:6:6. Determination by fluorescence densitometry at 365/>400 nm. 2) TLC of ginsenoides (from various varieties of ginseng) on silica with chloroform - methanol - water 65:35:10. Densitometry by absorbance at 525 nm after spraying with 10% sulfuric acid in chloroform and heating for 30 min at 105 °C. 3) TLC of styrax, boswellia and aplotaxis lappa on silica with petrol ether - hexane - methyl acetate - formic acid 10:30:15:1. Densitometry by absorbance at 265 nm. Some additional examples were presented in table form.

J. Chinese Trad. Patent Med. (Zhongchengyao) 25 (9), 711-715 (2004). TLC on silica gel with 1) ethyl acetate - butanone - formic acid - water 5:3:1:1, 2) chloroform - methanol - formic acid 200:25:50:1, 3) petroleum ether - diethyl ether 2:1, 4) chloroform - methanol - acetone - glacial acetic acid 30:1:2:3, 5) ethyl acetate - formic acid - glacial acetic acid - water 15:1:1:2. Detection 1) by spraying with 1 % FeCI3 in ethanol, 2) spraying with 5 % vanillin - H2SO4 solution and heating, 3) under UV 365 nm, 4) by spraying with 10 % H2SO4 in ethanol and heating at 105 ºC. Identification by fingerprint techniques. Quantification of baicalin by HPLC.

J. Chinese Trad. Patent Med. (Zhongchengyao) 25 (9), 771-773 (2004). TLC on silica gel with isooctane - dibutyl ether - glacial acetic acid 8:5:5. Detection by spraying with 10 % H2SO4 in ethanol and heating at 105 ºC. Identification by standard comparison. Quantification of cholic acid by densitometry.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 17, 36-39 (2004). TLC of saussurine on RP-18 after preconditioning for 15 min with e. g. methanol - water 2:1, tetrahydrofuran - chloroform 4:1, and methanol - water - glacial acetic acid 80:4:1; the last was found to enable the optimum separation. Detection by treatment with Dragendorff’s reagent. Quantitative determination at 540 nm. Limit of detection 3 µg.

Chinese J. Trad. Patent Med. (Zhongchengyao) 26 (7), 535 - 538 (2004). TLC of Huanglong Ganzhixiao granule extracts on silica gel with 1) chloroform - butanone - methanol - formic acid - water 22:20:11:2:2; 2) chloroform - methanol - water 13:7:2; 3) chloroform - methanol 99:1; 4) petroleum ether (60 - 90 ºC) - ethyl acetate 5:1. Detection 1) by spraying with 10 % AlCl3 in ethanol and under UV 365 nm; 2) by spraying with 10 % H2SO4 in ethanol followed by heating at 105 ºC, and under UV 365 nm; 3) by spraying with 10 % phosphomolybdic acid in ethanol followed by heating at 105 ºC. Identification by fingerprint technique. Quantification of loureirin B by HPLC. Discussion of procedure optimization for individual component drug and of using the procedures in the quality control of the medicine.

Chinese J. Trad. Pat. Med. (Zhongchengyao) 26 (9), 716-719 (2004). TLC on silica gel with 1) ethyl acetate - chloroform - formic acid 3:2:1; 2) chloroform - methanol 7:2; 3) petroleum ether (60-90 ºC) - ethyl acetate 7:3. Detection 1) under UV 365 nm; 2) by spraying with 10 % H2SO4 in ethanol and heating at 105 ºC for 5 min; 3) by spraying with vanillin - H2SO4 solution. Identification by fingerprint technique. Quantification of icarrin by HPLC.

Chinese J. Trad. Pat. Med. (Zhongchengyao) 26 (9), App.14-16 (2004). TLC on silica gel with 1) toluene - ethyl acetate - formic acid 25:20:4; 2) ethyl acetate - methanol - water 100:17:13. Detection 1) by spraying with diazotized para-nitroaniline solution; 2) by spraying with 5 % AlCl3 in ethanol and under UV 365 nm. Identification by fingerprint technique. Quantification of hesperidin by HPLC.