J. Planar Chromatogr. 27, 157-161 (2014). HPTLC of withanoside V (1), withaferine A (2), 1,2-deoxywithastramonolide (3), withanone (4), withanolide A (5), and withanolide B (6) on silica gel with dichloromethane - toluene - methanol - acetone - diethyl ether 13:14:8:3:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 235 nm. The hRF values for (1) to (6) were 7, 55, 61, 63, 66 and 77, respectively. Precision was below 2 % (n=3). The LOD and LOQ were 60 and 250 ng/zone for (1), 120 and 350 ng/zone for (2), 80 and 300 ng/zone for (3), (4) and (6), and 60 and 250 ng/zone for (5), respectively. Average recoveries for (1) to (6) were 97, 98, 99, 98, 98 and 99 %, respectively.

Chinese J. of Med. Guide 11 (16), 507-509 (2013). Xiaoxumingtang keli granule is a herbal TCM effective for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, prescribed as an assistant drug for the treatment of stroke, hemiplegia，rheumatis, etc. For quality control, TLC 1) for Saposhnikovia divaricata (Trucz.) Schischk. and the standards isoacteoside and 4’-o-beta-glucopyranosyl-5-o-methylvisamminol on silica gel with the lower phase of chloroform – ethyl acetate – methanol – water 15:40:22:10, detection under UV 254 nm; 2) for Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. and the standards ginsenoside Rg1, Re, and Rb1 on silica gel with chloroform – methanol 4:1, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 105 °C until the zones are visible in daylight and under UV 366 nm; 3) for Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. and the standards ligustrazine and ferulic acid on silica gel with n-hexane – ethyl acetate 9:1, detection under UV 366 nm; 4) for Paeonia veitchii and the standard paeoniflorin, on silica gel with chloroform – ethyl acetate – methanol – formic acid 200:25:50:1, detection by spraying with 5 % vanillin in sulfuric acid – ethanol 1:4 and heating at 105 °C until the zones are visible in daylight; 5) for Ephedra sinica Stapf and the standard (1R,2S)-(-)-ephedrine hydrochloride, on silica gel with chloroform – methanol – concentrated ammonia 40:10:1, detection by spraying with 0.1 % ninhydrin in acetone, heating at 105 °C until the zones are visible in daylight; 6) for Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and standard baicalin, on plates made of silica gel - sodium acetate – 0.3 % CMC 50:8:150, with ethyl acetate – butanone – formic acid – water 5:3:1:1, detection by spraying with 2 % ferric chloride in ethanol, evaluation in daylight.

Chinese J. of Forestry Science 49 (10), 127-134 (2013). Flavonoids in bamboo leaves have free radical scavenging, antioxidant, anti-aging, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects and are used as a component in TCM for regulating blood fat and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Bamboo-leaf flavonoids are also used in cosmetics and as feed additive. In order to choose the best bamboo species for extraction of flavonoids and to set up a quality control method, the flavonoids in eleven samples of bamboo leaves of three genera collected from Yunnan, Fujian, Sichuan, Jiangsu and Jiangxi provinces are studied by HPTLC. HPTLC-AMD of sample extracts and the standards isoorientin, orientin, isovitexin, vitexin and tricin on silica gel, cleaned with methanol and methylene chloride and dried at 105 °C, with methanol – ethyl acetate – methylene – formic acid 4:7:9:2 to 50 mm in the first step, with acetone – methanol - ethyl acetate – methylene chloride – formic acid 1:2:7:10:2 to 75 mm in the second step, and with acetone - methanol - ethyl acetate - methylene chloride – formic acid 2:1:6:11:2 to 90 mm in the third step. Detection under UV 366 nm after spraying with 1 % aluminum trichloride in ethanol. Quantification of the flavonoids by densitometry at UV 366 nm via peak area. The quantitative method for different flavonoids was validated by investigation of the linearity (90-1750 ng/zone), the precision (%RSD=1.0-2.0 %, n=3 intra-day; %RSD=0.9-2.0 %, n=3 inter-day), and the repeatability (%RSD=0.9-1.9 %, n=9). The LODs were 25-40 ng/zone, and the recoveries were 81.3-106.9 % (n=3).

J. Planar Chromatogr. 28, 61-66 (2015). HPTLC of swertiamarin in extracts of Enicostemma littorale and Swertia chirata on silica gel with ethyl acetate – methanol – water 16:3:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 246 nm. The hRF value of swertiamarin was 58. Linearity was between 200 and 1200 ng/zone. The intermediate intra-day and inter-day precisions were below 2 % (n=6). The LOD and LOQ were 38 and 115 ng/zone, respectively. Recoveries were in the range of 98-100 %.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 28, 30-35 (2015). HPTLC of lupeol in the leaves of F. carica, F. nitida, F. ingens, F. palmata, and F. vest, on silica gel with toluene – methanol 9:1. Detection by spraying with p-anisaldehyde reagent, followed by heating. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 540 nm. The hRF value of lupeol was 32. Linearity was between 100 and 800 ng/zone. The intermediate intra-day and inter-day precisions were below 2 % (n=6). The LOD and LOQ were 31 and 94 ng/zone, respectively. Recoveries were in the range of 99.2-99.7 %.

Chin. J. Inf. Tradit. Chin. Med. 20 (7), 61-63 (2013). Yulin Cha tea is a TCM preparation for regulating kidney, liver and spleen function, prescribed to treat infertility, male asthenospermia, women's ovarian dysfunction, etc. For quality control, TLC on silica gel (1) for Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge. with the lower phase of chloroform – ethyl acetate – methanol – water 4:5:5:2 after placing at 10 °C for an hour, detection under UV 254 nm; (2) for Cnidium monnieri L. Cuss. with toluene – ethyl acetate – n-hexane 3:3:2, detection at UV 254 nm; (3) for Schisandra chinensis with the upper phase of petroleum ether (30-60 °C) – ethyl formate – formic acid 15:5:1, detection at UV 254 nm; (4) for Fructus lycii with toluene – ethyl acetate – formic acid 30:20:1, detection at UV 366 nm. Quantitative determination of schisantherin A by HPLC.

Chinese J. Ethnomed. Ethnopharm. (8), 9-10 (2013). Chenxiang Dianxian San powder is a TCM compound for the treatment of various types of epilepsy. For quality control, TLC of Choisy and Pharbitis nil (Linn.) on silica gel with cyclohexane – ethyl acetate 9:1. Detection by spraying with 5 % vanillin in sulfuric acid – ethanol 1:4, followed by heating at 105 °C until the spots were visible.

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 4 (3), 21-24 (2015). Assessment of the quality of Mustadi Taila, an oil obtained from 8 plants (stems of Acacia chundra, Cedrus deodara, rhizome of Cyperus rotundus, seeds of Embelia ribes, roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra, Rubia cordifolia, Vitex negundo, Vetiveria zizanioides), and prescribed in Chakra Datta as a remedy for dental caries. TLC of the dichloromethane fraction of the aqueous oil extract with methanol – cyclohexane –dichloromethane 3:2:77. Evaluation at UV 254 and 366 nm revealed 10 prominent zones. Detection of alkaloids by spraying with Dragendorff’s reagent. Further properties of the oil (organoleptic as well as physico-chemical parameters, phytochemical screening, microbiological activity and heavy metals limits) were determined without TLC.