J. Planar Chromatogr. 24, 77-81 (2011). HPTLC of belleric acid on silica gel, prewashed with methanol, with toluene - ethyl acetate - methanol - formic acid 15:15:7:1 in a saturated chamber at 22 °C and 65 % relative humidity. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 205 nm. Average recovery was 98.7-100.9 %. Linearity was between 250 and 1250 ng/zone. Repeatability and intermediate precision (%RSD) were 1.2 and 1.5 %, respectively. LOD and LOQ were 49 and 148 ng/zone, respectively. The hRf value of belleric acid was 35.

J. of China Three Gorges Univ. Natural Sciences 33 (4), 92-95 (2011). TLC of extracts of Biyuan Pills on silica gel 1) for Magnolia liliiflora Desr. with dichloromethane - ethyl acetate 9:1, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 90 °C until the zones were detected; 2) for Xanthium sibiricum Patr., with chloroform - ethyl acetate - methanol - water - formic acid 3:10:2:2:2, detection by exposure to iodine vapor until the zones were detected; 3) for Lonicera japonica and Chrysanthemum indici flos, with toluene - ethyl acetate - formic acid - glacial acetic acid - water 1:15:1:1:2, detection under UV 365 nm.

Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy 22, 1111-1118 (2012). TLC of: Schinus terebinthifolius (1), Arctium lappa (2), Trichilia catigua (3), Camellia sinensis (4), Mikania glomerata (5), Croton moritibensis (6), Achyrocline satureioides (7), Heteropterys aphrodisiaca (8), Plantago major (9) and Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (10). The hRf value of caffeic acid in (7) and (9) was 35, chlorogenic acid in (2) and (9) was 58, gallic acid in (1) and (10) was 20, o-coumaric acid in (5) was 39, catechin in (1) was 81, cinchocain Ib in (3) was 58, coumarin in (5) was 79, epicatechin in (4) was 80 and epicatechin-3-O-gallate in (4) was 66. Summary of the applied TLC methods: silica gel layer for all plants. Mobile phases: (1) Toluene - ethyl acetate – methanol – formic acid 75:25:10:6; (2) ethyl acetate – toluene - formic acid – water 16:2:1:1; (3) ethyl acetate – water - formic acid – acetic acid 100:27:11:11 , (4) chloroform - acetic acid – methanol – water 16:8:3:2; (5) toluene – dichloromethane – acetone 9:5:6; (6) toluene – dichloromethane – acetone 9:6:5; (7) ethyl acetate - formic acid – water 18:1:1. Detection by spraying with (A) ferric chloride 1 % in methanol; (B) vanillin perchloric acid, followed by heating at 105 ºC for 5 min; (C) diphenylboric acid 2-amino-ethyl ester and polyethylene glycol 400, evaluation at UV 366 nm; (D) potassium hydroxide 10 %, evaluation at UV 366 nm; (E) anisaldehyde, followed by heating at 105 ºC for 5 min. For plant 1, mobile phase (MP) (1) and detection (det) A as well as MP (2) and det B was applied, for plant 2, MP (3) and det C, for 3, MP (4) and det B, for 4, MP (2) and det B, for 5, MP (5) and det D, for 6, MP (6) and det E, for 7, MP (1) and det C, for 8, MP (7) and det A, for 9, MP (1) and det C, for 10, MP (1) and det A.

J. of China Pharm. 20 (9), 19-20 (2011). Shujian capsules are a herbal TCM preparation prescribed clinically to treat shoulder arthritis. For quality control, TLC on silical gel for 1) for Cassia twig, with petroleum ether (60-90 ºC) – ethyl acetate 17:3, detection by spraying with 2 % 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in ethanol and viewing in daylight; 2) for Radix sileris, with chloroform – methanol 4:1, detection at UV 254 nm; 3) for Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum wallichii, with toluene - ethyl acetate – formic acid 40:10:1, detection by spraying with 1 % ferric chloride – 1 % potassium ferricyanide 1:1 and viewing in daylight; 4) for the root of Kudzu vine, with chloroform – methanol – water 28:10:1, detection under UV 366 nm.

Ethnomed. Ethnopharm. (1), 53-54 (2012). Cissus hexangularis Thorel ex Planch is a TCM herb. Its dried rattan is effective in relieving rheumatic pains and invigorating the circulation of blood, and is often used in drug preparations against rheumatism, pain or numbness, lumbar muscle degeneration and traumatic injury. TLC of the extracts and standards resveratrol and bergeninum on silica gel with chloroform – ethyl acetate – formic acid 30:20:1, detection by spraying with a solution of vanillin - ethanol - sulfuric acid 10:200:1.

& Wendl. (Solanaceae) against ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis in rats. J. Ethnopharmacol. 138, 160-170 (2012). HPTLC of solasodine in the fruits of Solanum xanthocarpum on silica gel with toluene - ethyl acetate - diethylamine 12:1:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 200 nm. The hRf of solasodine was 52.

of China Pharm. 26 (1), 50-53 (2012) Astragalus, as traditional Chinese medicinal herbal crude drug, is the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. Var. Monghoicus (Bge.) Hisao or Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. It is specially effective for nourishing vitality, invigorating splenic yang, inducing diuresis for removing edema and promoting tissue regeneration. TLC of the extracts of the crude drugs on silica gel 1) for amino acids (standards arginine, alanine, proline), with carbolic acid – water 5:3 (carbolic acid was double distilled just before mixing with water), detection by spraying with 0.5 % ninhydrin in ethanol and heating at 105 ºC until the zones are visible under daylight; 2) for flavonoids (standards formononetin, calycosin glucoside, calycosin), with chloroform – methanol 10:1, detection by exposure to ammonia vapors for a few minutes and viewing under UV 254 nm.

Quim. Nova. 35, 541-545 (2012). HPTLC of isoorientin on silica gel with ethyl acetate - formic acid - water 9:1:1. Detection by dipping into a solution of diphenylboric acid-2-aminoethyl ester (100 mg) and PEG 400 (500 mg) in methanol (10 mL). Quantitative determination by fluorescence measurement at 366 nm. The HPTLC method (120 min) was almost seven times faster than the HPLC method (700 min). The amount of solvent consumed in the HPTLC method (12 mL) was almost eight-fold less than that used in the HPLC method (98 mL), indicating that HPTLC is an alternative technique for analyzing large numbers of samples.