(Malvaceae). J. Planar Chromatogr. 18, 264-268 (2005). TLC in horizontal chambers of phenolic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, protocatechuic, gentisic, chlorogenic, isovanillic, gallic, syringic, vanillic and p-hydroxybenzoic acid) from Lavatera trimestris flowers on cellulose with water - acetic acid 3:17, toluene - ethyl formate - formic acid 5:4:1, chloroforrm - acetic acid - water 4:1:1 and of flavonoids (rutoside, kaempferol 3-rhamnoglucoside, hyperoside, isoquercetin, luteolin 7-glucoside, quercitrin, isorhamnetin 3-glucoside, luteolin, apigenin, quercetin, kaempferol) on silica gel with n-propanol - ethyl acetate - water 7:2:1, ethanol - 25 % ammonia - water 20:1:4, ethyl acetate - formic acid - water 10:2:3, ethyl acetate - formic acid - glacial acetic acid - water 100:11:11:27 and 50:5:5:9. Also two-dimensional TLC of phenolic acids on cellulose (after conditioning in the chamber for 5 min with benzene - methanol - acetic acid 94:1:5) with benzene - methanol - acetic acid - acetonitrile 16:2:1:1 in the first direction and with sodium formate - formic acid - water 1:0.1:20 in the second direction. Detection under UV light at 254 and 366 nm before and after treatment with ammonia vapor. Also derivatization by spraying with a 2 % aqueous solution of iron(III) chloride, diazotized sulfanilic acid in 20 % sodium carbonate solution, and diazotized p-nitroaniline for phenolics and with a 1 % methanolic solution of natural products reagent A for flavonoids.

J. Chinese Trad. Patent Med. (Zhongchengyao) 27 (3), 272-275 (2005). TLC of the extracts on silica gel with 1) n-hexane - chloroform - methanol 15:8:2; 2) n-hexane - ethyl acetate 9:1; 3) chloroform - benzene - glacial acetic acid 7:2:1. Detection 1) by exposing to iodine vapours; 2) under UV 365 and 254 nm. Identification by comparison with the standard. Quantification of usnic acid by densitometry at 290 nm. Validation by investigating the linearity range (0.50 - 2.50 µg/spot, r = 0.999), precision (RSD = 2.26 %, n= 5, within plate, and 2.97 %, n = 5, plate-to-plate), and standard addition recovery (97.5 %, RSD = 2.61, n = 5).

J. Planar Chromatogr. 19, 191-194 (2006). TLC of the flavonoid and triterpenoid soyasaponin content (rutin, vitexine, isovitexine, soyasaponin I and VI as standards) on silica gel in a twin-trough chamber with ethyl acetate - formic acid - acetic acid - water 100:11:11:26 for flavonoids. Detection with diphenylboric acid 2-aminoethylester (natural products reagent) followed by PEG reagent. For soyasaponins chloroform - methanol - water 6:4:1 was used. Detection by spraying with anisaldehyde - sulfuric acid reagent followed by heating at 115 °C.

Planta Med. 71, 733-738 (2005). Preparative TLC of (+)-ulein on silica gel with n-hexane - dichloromethane - methanol - diethylamine 25:20:4:1 and n-hexane - ethyl acetate - methanol - diethylamine 25:20:4:1. Detection under UV light at 254 nm.

Planta Med. 70, 509-514 (2004). Analytical and preparative TLC of a new iridolactone (4R,5R,7S,8S,9S)-7-hydroxy-8-hxdroxymethyl-4-methyl perhydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-1-one) on silica gel and RP18 with acetonitrile - water 1:1. Detection by dipping in phosphomolybdic acid or vanillin - sulfuric acid reagent followed by heating at 110 °C for 5 min.

Planta Med. 71, 673-679 (2005). Analytical and preparative TLC of 18-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-28-oxoolean-12-en-3beta-yl 3-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid methyl ester, achyranthoside C dimethyl ester, achyranthoside C butyl dimethyl ester, achyranthoside E dimethyl ester, achyranthoside E butyl methyl ester (and 10 known compounds) on silica gel and RP18 with chloroform - methanol - water 8:5:2 or methanol - water 1:1, respectively. Detection under UV light at 254 nm or by spraying with cerium sulfate - 10 % sulfuric acid 1:99.

Planta Med. 71, 680-682 (2005). Analytical and preparative TLC of 5-hydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone, 2-hydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone, trans-kielcarin, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl ferulate, and 3beta-O-caffeoylbetulinic acid on silica gel with chloroform - petroleum ether - formic acid 950:50:1, chloroform - acetone - formic acid 950:50:1, 900:100:1, and 850:150:1. Detection under UV light at 254 nm.

using high-performance thin-layer chromatography. J. AOAC Int. 89, 1467-1474 (2006). HPTLC of eugenol, luteolin, ursolic acid, and oleanolic acid on silica gel in a twin trough chamber with toluene - ethyl acetate - formic acid 35:15:1 at 25 °C and 40 % relative humidity. Quantitation in absorbance mode at 280 nm for eugenol, at 350 nm for luteolin, and at 530 nm for ursolic acid and oleanolic acid after derivatization with anisaldehyde-sulfuric acid reagent and heating at 105°C. The methods were validated for precision, repeatability, and accuracy.