Anal. Chim. Acta 632 (2), 168-180 (2009). Ochratoxins and aflatoxins are the most significant mycotoxins and there has been a broad range of research. However, it is impossible to use one standard technique for the analysis because of the various structures of mycotoxins. The review discusses existing analytical and detection techniques, such as 1) sample pre-treatment methods like liquid-liquid extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, or solid phase extraction; 2) separation methods such as TLC, HPLC, GC, and CE and 3) other methods such as ELISA. The practical requirements for high-sensitivity analysis and the need for a specialist laboratory setting create challenges for routine analysis. There are a number of methods used, but there is no single technique that stands out above the rest, although HPLC-MS is popular. Discussion of further currents trends, advantages and disadvantages and future prospects of these methods.

J. of China Pharm. 25 (8), 772-775 (2011). Safflower, the dried flower of Carthamus tinctorius L. is a herbal TCM drug for invigorating the circulation of blood, stimulating the menstrual flow, dissipating blood stasis, relieving pain, and is prescribed clinically to cure amenorrhea, falling injuries and skin and external diseases. Due to the lack of the source some counterfeits have been found on the market in recent years. The methods were studied for differentiating the dyes used by the market for adulteration of safflower. For dyes, TLC of the extracts of the crude drugs on silica gel firstly with chloroform – methanol – glacial acetic acid 7:1:2, detection under daylight for identification of orange, then with ethyl acetate – n-butanol – ethanol – ammonia – water 1:3:3:1:1, detection under daylight for identification of acid red 73, lemon yellow and carminum respectively. Results obtained by HPLC were compatible with those obtained by TLC.

J. Liq. Chromatogr. Relat. Technol. 36, 1323-1329 (2013). HPTLC of amlodipine (1) and perindopril (2) in bulk powder and tablets on silica gel with n-butanol - water - glacial acetic acid 4:5:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 365 nm and 215 nm, for (1) and (2), respectively. The hRf values for (1) and (2) were 72 and 48, respectively. Linearity was 1-6 µg/mL for (1) and 2-10 µg/mL for (2). LOD and LOQ were 0.28 and 0.86 µg/mL for (1) and 0.24 and 0.75 µg/mL for (2), respectively. The interday and intra-day precisions were below 1.3 % (n=3). Recovery (by standard addition) was 98.0-99.6 % for both (1) and (2). Comparable results were obtained when compared with validated HPLC and first-derivative spectrophotometry methods, resulting in short scan time, large sample capacity, and use of minimal volume of solvent.

CBS 112, 2-4 (2014). TLC and HPTLC of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) flowers and standards herniarin, umbelliferone, alpha-bisabolol, and spiroethers on silica gel with chloroform - acetone 99:1 or dichloromethane up to 90 mm (TLC) and 75 mm (HPTLC). Detection under UV 254 and 366 nm and after dipping in vanillin reagent (0.4 % ethanolic vanillin solution with 2 % sulfuric acid) or DPPH radical reagent (0.02 % methanolic 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) for information on radical scavenging activity. Biological detection by dipping individually in a suspension of Bacillus subtilis, Aliivibrio fischeri, Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola and Xanthomonas vesicatoria. The essential oil component chamazulene showed the strongest antioxidative capacity.

J. Agric. Food. Chem. 63, 2893-2901 (2015). HPTLC of lecithins such as phosphatidylcholine (1) and phosphatidylethanolamine (2) in soybean and sunflower used for chocolate production on silica gel with chloroform - methanol - water - ammonia 30:17:2:1. Detection by dipping into a primuline solution (100 mg of primuline in 200 mL of acetone - water, 4:1). Quantitation by fluorescence measurement at UV 366 nm. The hRF values of (1) and (2) were 30 and 41-43, respectively. Quantitation was also performed by HPTLC-positive ionization electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and by scanning HPTLC-matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS). Mean LODs ranged from 8 to 40 mg/kg for HPTLC-FLD, 10 to 280 mg/kg for HPTLC-ESI and 15 to 310 mg/kg for HPTLC-FLD-ESI-MS.

J. Chromatogr. Sci. 55, 961-968 (2017). Presentation of two accurate, precise and highly selective stability-indicating methods for simultaneous determination of benztropine mesylate (BNZ) in presence of its hepatotoxic and carcinogenic degradation product, benzophenone (BPH) either in pure form or in the pharmaceutical formulation without any preliminary separation steps. TLC of BNZ and its degradation product on silica gel with hexane – methylene chloride – triethylamine 25:25:3. Quantitative determination by densitometry at 235 nm. The linearity was between 1.5-10 μg/band and 1-10 μg/band for BNZ and BPH, respectively. UPLC of the mixture on a RP C8 analytical column, quantification using a diode array detector at 210 nm. The linearity with UPLC was 20-200 μg/mL and 5-50 μg/mL for BNZ and BPH, respectively. Comparison of the results showed no significant differences between the TLC and UPLC method regarding both accuracy and precision.

Lipids 17, 448-452 (1982). Purification of hexadecyl cholesteryl ether by silica column chromatography for removing the majority of unreacted hexadecylmethane sulfonate and dihexadecyl ether by-product. TLC on silica with hexane - ether acetic acid 80:20:1. Typical overall product yield 60-80 % of the theory. Product resistant to acid hydrolysis in 7 % HCl in methanol for 4 h at 60 °C, conditions that hydrolize cholesteryl oleate.

J. Chromatogr. 321, 145-157 (1985). TLC of the title compounds on different types of silica with butanol - ethanol - water, or butanol - pyridine - water in various proportions. Detection by spraying with a reagent containing aniline (4 ml), diphenylamine (4 g), acetone (200 ml), and 85 % phosphoric acid (30 ml), followed by heating at 80 °C for 30 min. Also HPLC.