J. Planar Chromatogr. 27, 333-339 (2014). TLC of alkaloids such as (1) papverine, (2) quinine, (3) berberine, (4) brucine, (5) emetine, (6) chelidonine, (7) boldine, (8) protopine and (9) allocryptopine on CN or RP18W phase with mixture of acetonitrile and water containing: acetic buffer at pH 3.6, 1 % acetic acid, 1 % ammonia, 0.01 M octane sulfonic acid sodium salt or methanol, and water containing 0.01 M diethylamine. On C18 plates, the best conditions for the separation of alkaloids were obtained with the mobile phase containing addition of octane sulfonic acid sodium salt, diethylamine, or aqueous ammonia; as for the CN plates, with aqueous eluents containing diethylamine or ammonia and nonaqueous eluent containing mixture of methanol, diidopropyl ether, and 2% ammonia. The efficiency of the system was increased by using a combination of two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography with multiple development chromatogram methods.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 27, 372-376 (2014). For quality control, HPTLC of cefprozil monohydrate on silica gel with ethyl acetate – acetone – methanol – water – glacial acetic acid 15:5:5:3:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 280 nm. The hRF value of cefprozil monohydrate was 20. Linearity was between 200 and 5000 ng/zone. The intermediate precision was below 1.5 % (n=3). The LOD and LOQ were 52 and 75 ng/zone, respectively. Recoveries were in the range of 98.7-101.2 %.

J. Chil. Chem. Soc. 59, 2405-2408 (2014). HPTLC of trazodone in human serum on silica gel with toluene - acetone - ethanol - ammonium 18:14:4:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 290 nm. The hRF values of trazodone and its metabolite were 82 and 39, respectively. Linearity was between 0.2 and 2 ng/zone. The intermediate intra-day and inter-day precisions were below 3.5 % (n=3). The LOD and LOQ were 16 and 48 pg/zone, respectively. Recoveries for trazodone were in the range of 94.7-99.0 %.

Chinese Trad. Patent Med. 36 (4), 763-766 (2014). Yinchen Siling Keli granule is a TCM preparation for the treatment of chronic active hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis, etc. For quality control, TLC on silica gel (1) for Artemisia capillaris Thunb. with petroleum ether (60-90 ˚C) – ethyl acetate – acetone 5:3:2, detection by spraying with 5 % KOH solution and evaluation under UV 366 nm; (2) for Rheum officinale Baill. and the standards emodin, rhein, and chrysophanol, with the upper phase of petroleum ether (60-90 ˚C) – ethyl formate – formic acid 15:5:1, detection under UV 366 nm. Quantitative determination of paeoniflorin, gardenoside, emodin, and chrysophanol by HPLC.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 28, 256-261 (2015). HPTLC of picroside-I (1) and picroside-II (2) in Picrorhiza kurroa on silica gel with ethyl acetate - methanol - acetic acid 80:10:1. Detection by dipping into anisaldehyde - sulfuric acid, followed by heating at 120 °C for 5 min. Quantitative fluorescence measurement at UV 366 nm. The hRF values for (1) and (2) were 57 and 66, respectively. Linearity was in the range of 200-4000 ng/zone. LOD and LOQ were 16 and 47 ng/zone for (1) and 16-48 ng/zone for (2). The intermediate precision was below 11 % (n=3).

J. Planar Chromatogr. 28, 316-322 (2015). HPTLC of pyridostigmine bromide in pharmaceutical formulations on silica gel with methanol - ethyl acetate - triethyl amine - glacial acetic acid 180:20:10:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 270 nm. The hRF values for pyridostigmine bromide and its alkaline degradation product were 14 and 34, respectively. Linearity was in the range of 2-10 ng/zone. LOD and LOQ were 1.9 and 0.6 ng/zone, respectively. The intermediate precision was 0.8 % (n=9). Recoveries ranged between 98 and 100 %.

J. Ethnopharmacol. 174, 178-186 (2015). HPTLC of magnolol (1) and honokiol (2) in the cortex of Magnolia officinalis and aristolochic acid I (3) and II (4) in the radix of Aristolochia baetica on silica gel with methanol - ethyl acetate - toluene 1:2:30 for (1) and formic acid - water - ethyl acetate - toluene 1:1:10:20 for (2). Detection of (1) and (2) by spraying with vanillin reagent, followed by heating at 110 °C for 5 min. Detection of (3) and (4) by spraying with stannous chloride 100 g/L in diluted hydrochloric acid, followed by heating at 100 °C for 1 min. Identification under UV light at 365 nm for (3) and (4). The hRF values for (1) to (4) were 40, 50, 46 and 54, respectively.

J. Ethnopharmacol. 175, 324-334 (2015). HPTLC of betaine in Achyranthes aspera root extract on silica gel with methanol - water 9:1. Detection by spraying with Dragendorff's reagent followed by 10 % ethanolic sulfuric acid and drying at 110 °C for 5 min. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 520 nm. The hRF value for betaine was 36. Linearity was in the range of 1-5 μg/zone. LOD and LOQ were 0.10 and 0.13 μg/zone. The intermediate precision was below 2 % (n=3).