CBS 111, 13-15 (2013). HPTLC of propolis on silica gel in a twin trough chamber with 8 mL of n-hexane – ethyl acetate – glacial acetic acid 5:3:1 and preconditioning with 5 mL hydrochloric acid (37 %) in the opposite trough using filter paper wetted with the hydrochloric acid shortly before chromatography. Migration distance was 65 mm. Detection under UV 366 nm after dipping in 0.5 % methanolic 2-aminoethyldiphenylborane reagent followed by drying and dipping in 5 % methanolic polyethylene glycol solution. Different types of German propolis were found, an orange, a blue and mixed types. Comparison with HPTLC fingerprints of the possible origin plants showed that the orange type most likely derives from Populus nigra. The blue type correlated to a certain extent with Populus tremula as well as both types with Aesculus hippocastanum L. Confirmed by MS the following substances were found in the orange type: pinocembrin, galangin, caffeic acid phenethylester and chrysin. The blue type contained p-cumaric acid and ellagic acid. Caffeic acid, quercetin and apigenin appeared in both types.

J. Trad. Chinese Veterinary Med. 47 (9), 32-33 (2012). In veterninary TCM Cangzhu Xianglian San powder is prescribed for the treatment of dysentery and diarrhea of livestocks. For quality control TLC on silica gel 1) for Atractylodes lancea, with petroleum ether (60-90°C) – acetone 9:2, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating mildly until the zones are clearly visible in daylight; 2) for Radix Aucklandiae, with cyclohexane – ethyl acetate – formic acid 15:5:1, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating mildly until the zones are clearly visible in daylight.

Chinese J. of Spectroscopy & Spectral Anal. 34 (4), 990-993 (2014). In recent years, some frauds were discovered on the drug market, e.g. chemical drugs with similar effect were illegally added to herbal TCM for hypertension which may cause a variety of adverse reactions and even endanger life. To ensure the safety of patients a method is presented for rapid screening of antihypertensive drugs. TLC on silica gel with dichloromethane – methanol – water 90:10:1, detection under UV 254 nm. Identification of nicardipine hydrochloride, doxazosin mesylate, propranolol hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide by comparison of the corresponding hRf values of standards. Qualitative analysis of the sample target zones by adding a few drops of silver glue solution onto each zone and then detection by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) using a portable Raman spectrometer at the integration time of 10 s and the laser power of 100 mW with a minimum detection amount of 5, 5, 50 and 50 ng, respectively. The TLC method was optimized regarding mobile phase, sample application volume, the concentration of silver glue solution, etc. The method was used for the analysis of 10 commercial products from the drug market. Two products contained illegally added nicardipine hydrochloride and doxazosin mesylate, and one product contained propranolol hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 28, 42-47 (2015). HPTLC of (1) homoeriodictyol and (2) persicogenin in the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Rhus retinorrhoea and Rhus tripartita on silica gel with toluene - ethyl acetate - methanol 16:4:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 293 nm. The hRF values of (1) and (2) were 30 and 48. Linearity was between 100 and 800 ng/zone for both, (1) and (2). The intermediate intra-day and inter-day precisions were below 2 % (n=6). The LOD and LOQ were 26 and 77 ng/zone for (1) and 31 and 92 ng/zone for (2), respectively. Recoveries were in the range of 98.9-99.5 % for (1) and 98.3-99.2 % for (2).

J. Planar Chromatogr. 28, 67-73 (2015). HPTLC of (1) rifampicin, (2) isoniazid and (3) piperine on silica gel with toluene – methanol – chloroform 7:3:3. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 300 nm. The hRF values of (1) to (3) were 51, 24 and 81, respectively. Linearities were between 100 and 700 ng/zone for (1) and (2) and between 20 and 90 ng/zone for (3). The intermediate intra-day and inter-day precisions for (1) to (3) were below 2 % (n=6). The LOD and LOQ were 12 and 33 ng/zone for (1), 20 and 53 ng/zone for (2) and 5 and 10 ng/zone for (3). Recoveries for (1) to (3) were in the range of 99-101 %.

Phytochemistry 106, 94-103 (2014). HPTLC of corosolic acid in Lagerstroemia speciosa on silica gel with ethyl acetate - methanol 49:1. Detection by spraying with anisaldehyde reagent. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 580 nm. The hRF value of corosolic acid was 47. Linearity was between 20 and 100 ng/zone. The intermediate precisions were below 2 % (n=3).

Chinese J. Inform. Trad. Chinese Med. 20 (5), 67-69 (2013). Yinao Huoxue Keli granule is a TCM compound for the treatment of hemiplegia, numbness of limbs, deviation of mouth and tongue. For quality control, HPTLC on silica gel (1) for Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge with chloroform – acetone – formic acid 8:1:1, detection by spraying with 3 % ferric chloride in 2 N hydrochloric acid – water 1:100 and heating at 105 °C until the spots were visible, identification by fingerprint comparison with the standard protocatechuic aldehyde and the standard ingredient drug; (2) for Panax quinquefolius L., ginsenoside Re, Rb1 and pseudoginsenoside F11 with the lower phase of chloroform – ethyl acetate – methanol – water 15:40:22:10 placed at 5-10 °C for 12 h, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 105 °C until the spots were visible.

J. Liq. Chromatogr. Relat. Technol. 38, 1392-1406 (2015). HPTLC of Cordyceps sinensis and Ganoderma lucidum on silica gel with ethyl acetate - dichloromethane - formic acid - glacial acetic acid - methanol 10:10:1:1:2. Qualitative identification at UV 254 nm and UV 366 nm. Hyphenation of electronspray ionization/mass spectrometry with HPTLC facilitated fast and convenient profiling of the metabolites in the extracts. For the chemometric analysis, raw and column data matrices were constructed using hRF datasets.