J. Liq. Chromatogr. Relat._x000D_ Technol. 37, 2956-2970 (2014). HPTLC of albendazole (1), amodiaquine (2), artesunate (3), acyclovir (4) and amoxicillin (5) on silica gel with toluene - ethyl acetate - glacial acetic acid 5:2:4 for (1), ethyl acetate - methanol - ammonia hydroxide 24:3:1 and ethyl acetate - acetone - glacial acetic acid 189:40:1 for (2) and (3), ethanol - ammonia - water 7:1:2 for (4) and ethanol - water - glacial acetic acid 4:5:1 for (5). Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 254 nm for (1) to (5). The hRF values for (1) to (5) were 63, 75, 34, 69 and 82, respectively. Mean recoveries were in the range of 98-104 % for (1) to (5)._x000D_

J. of China Pharm. 22 (z1), 81-82 (2013). Danhong Ruangan Jiaonang capsule is a herbal TCM for promoting blood circulation and strengthening spleen, and is prescribed clinically for the treatment of right flank pain caused by blood stasis, anorexia, abdominal distension, lassitude, etc. For quality control, TLC on silica gel 1) for Atractylodes macrocephala, with n-hexane – ethyl acetate 3:1, detection by spraying with 25 % phosphomolybdic acid in ethanol and heating until the zones are visible in daylight; 2) for Carthamus tinctorius L., with ethyl acetate – formic acid – water – methanol 35:10:15:2, detection in daylight; 3) for Angelica sinensis, with n-hexane – ethyl acetate 4:1, detection under UV 366 nm.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 27, 166-173 (2014). HPTLC of racemic mixtures of zopiclone and ofloxacin and their enantiomers eszopiclone (1) and levofloxacin (2), respectively, on silica gel with ethanol - acetonitrile - glacial acetic acid - diethylamine - water containing 50 mg hydroxy propyl-beta-cyclodextrin 4:2:3:1:1, pH 4, for zopiclone and ethanol - acetonitrile - glacial glacial acetic acid - diethylamine - water containing 30 mg hydroxy propyl-beta-cyclodextrin 4:4:3:2:1, pH 4.5, for ofloxacin. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 304 and 330 nm for (1) and (2), respectively. Linearity was in the range of 1-4 μg/zone for (1) and 2-7 μg/zone for (2). The intermediate/interday/intra-day precisions were below 2 % (n=3). The LOD and LOQ were 154 and 466 ng/zone for (1) and 351 and 1095 ng/zone for (2), respectively. Average recovery was 101.8 % for (1) and 101.5 % for (2).

Food Chem. 176, 91-98 (2015). HPTLC of (1) mangiferin and (2) lupeol in the fruit of Mangifera indica on silica gel on a uni-dimensional double development with toluene - ethyl acetate - methanol 7:2:1 and ethyl - acetate - methanol 3:2. Detection of (2) by spraying with vanillin–sulphuric acid reagent (1 g vanillin - 5 mL sulphuric acid - 95 mL ethanol ). Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 390 nm for (1) and 610 nm for (2). The hRF values of (1) and (2) were 60 and 88, respectively. Linearity was between 250 and 2500 ng/zone for (1) and (2). The intermediate intra-day and inter-day precision were below 2 % (n=5) for (1) and (2). The LOD and LOQ were 258 and 832 ng/zone for (1) and 277 and 922 ng/zone for (2). Average recoveries for (1) and (2) were 98.1 and 99.2 %.

Food Addit. Contam. 31, 1959-1967 (2014). TLC of (1) sulfamethoxypyridazine-fluorescein isothiocyanate and (2) sarafloxacin-Texas Red on silica gel with chloroform - methanol 4:1 for (1) and methanol - ethyl acetate - ammonia water 4:1:1 for (2). Fluorescence polarisation was measured at 485/>530 nm (emission cutoff at 515 nm, G factor 1.0) for (1), and 585/>620 nm (emission cut-off at 610 nm, G factor 1.0) for (2). The hRF values for (1) and (2) were 10 and 80, respectively. The method allowed the synthesis of fluorescent tracers that bind recombinant bi-specific single-chain diabodies to detect fluoroquinolones and sulfonamides in milk.

Chinese J. Mod. Drug Appl. 7 (3), 132-133 (2013). Qinggan Lidan Jiaonang capsules are a TCM preparation for the treatment of cholecystitis, acute and chronic hepatitis, fatty liver, cirrhosis, etc. For quality control, TLC on silica gel (1) for Panax pseudoginseng Wall. var. notoginseng (Burkill) Hoo et Tseng and notoginsenoside R1 with chloroform – methanol – water 14:6:1, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 105 °C until the zones are visible; (2) for Reynoutria japonica Houtt. and emodin with the upper phase of petroleum ether (30-60 °C) – ethyl formate – formic acid 15:5:1, detection (A) at UV 366 nm or (B) after exposure to iodine vapor, evaluation under white light; (3) for Natural Indigo, indigo and indirubin with benzene – chloroform – acetone 5:4:1, detection under white light.

Chinese J. of Northern Pharmacy 11(5), 14-16 (2014). Zhuanggu Tongluo Wan pills are a TCM preparation for the treatment of degenerative joint disease and osteoporosis. For quality control, TLC on silica gel (1) for Epimedium brevicornum Maxim. and the standard icariin, with ethyl acetate – acetone – methanol – water 20:2:3:2, detection at UV 254 nm; (2) for Paeonia veitchii and the standard paeoniflorin, with chloroform - ethyl acetate – methanol – formic acid 200:25:50:1, detection by spraying with 5 % vanillin in sulfuric acid – ethanol 1:4 and heating at 105 °C until the zones are visible; (3) for aconitine, with chloroform - ethyl acetate 1:1 after exposure to ammonia vapor, detection by spraying with a solution of potassium iodobismuthate – hydrochloric acid – water 25:1:500 and evaluation in daylight.

leaves by a validated HPTLC–photodensitometry method. Phytochem. Anal. 26, 253-260 (2015). HPTLC of oleacein (1), oleuropein (2) and echinacoside (3) in the leaves of Ligustrum vulgare on silica gel with dichloromethane - methanol - formic acid - water 160:50:8:3. Detection by dipping into anisaldehyde (0.5 %, methanolic) and sulfuric acid (5 %, methanolic), followed by heating at 105 °C for 10 min. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 240 nm and 350 nm. The hRF values of (1) to (3) were 82, 58 and 12, respectively. Linearity was in the range of 625-1875 μg/mL for (1), 100-300 μg/mL for (2) and 180-540 μg/mL for (3). LOD and LOQ were 0.58 and 1.77 μg/mL for (1), 0.20 and 0.61 μg/mL for (2) and 0.32 and 0.97 μg/mL for (3), respectively. Intra-day and inter-day precisions were below 3 % (n=3). Average recoveries varied from 102 to 113 % for (1), 106 and 112 % for (2) and 99 and 101 % for (3), respectively.