J. Planar Chromatogr. 29, 88-98 (2016). Literature review (1994-2015) of the use of surfactants as mobile phase modifiers for the analysis of organic and inorganic compounds by TLC. The review showed that individual surfactants (cationic, anionic and non-ionic) as well as mixed surfactants (ionic and non-ionic) have been routinely used.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 29, 247-255 (2016). HPTLC of salicylic acid and their derivatives (acetylsalicylic acid, salicylanilide, salicylaldehyde, salicylamide, methyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, salicylhydroxamic acid, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, 3-aminosalicylic acid, 4-aminosalicylic acid, and 5-aminosalicylic acid) on silica gel with n-hexane – diethyl ether – 80 % acetic acid in various volume compositions (80:20:3, 60:20:3, 70:20:3, 80:10:3, 70:10:3, 60:10:3, 8:2:1, 7:2:1, 6:2:1, 8:2:2, and 8:2:3) and on RP-18, RP-8, and CN phase with methanol – water in various volume compositions (10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8). The best separation was obtained on RP-18W. Evaluation by cluster analysis (single linkage method, Euclidean distance).

CBS 116, 11-12 (2016). HPTLC of lactose in milk, yoghurt, and instant sauce on silica gel with acetonitrile – water 3:1 (with 0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid) to the migration distance of 5 cm. Detection by spraying with aniline-diphenylamine-phosphoric acid reagent (2 g diphenylamine and 2 mL aniline in 80 mL methanol, 10 mL of o-phosphoric aicd 85 %, filled up to 100 mL) and heating for 10 min at 120 °C. Evaluation under white light. Elution of zones from the underivatized plate into ESI-MS with acetonitrile – water 19:1 (with 0.1 % formic acid) and detection in positive ionization mode. The method is suitable for semiquantitative determination of lactose by image evaluation and allows for confirmation of lactose-free products as such.

CBS 113, 9 (2014). HPTLC of caffeine in energy drinks (applied neatly without sample preparation) on silica gel MS-grade with 2-propanol – n-heptane – water 7:3:1. Detection under UV 254 nm and by dipping into anisaldehyde reagent. Quantitative evaluation by absorbance measurement at 273 nm. The hRf of caffeine was 55. For confirmation of results, zones were eluted with the TLC-MS Interface (acetonitrile – water 19:1 with 0.1 % formic acid, flow rate 0.1 mL/min) and directly transferred to a mass spectrometer and measured in ESI(+) full scan mode (m/z 100 – 500).

J. Food Compos. Anal. 48, 25-33 (2016). In this study 353 samples of different varieties and different commercial products were analyzed by HPTLC and UV absorbance. HPTLC of the acetonic extract of kava powder on silica gel with hexane – dioxane 4:1 without chamber saturation over a distance of 85 mm. Detection under UV 254 nm and 366 nm. Densitometric evaluation and determination of the ratios kavain/total kavalactones (K/KL) at 254 nm and flavokavins/kavalactones (FK/KL) at 366 nm. Derivatization by dipping in anisaldehyde sulfuric acid reagent (10 mL sulfuric acid, 170 mL methanol, 20 mL acetic acid, 1 mL anisaldehyde) and heating at 100 °C for 3 min. The results showed that noble varieties suitable for daily consumption of kava are characterized by high K/KL and low FK/KL.

J. of Chromatogr. A 1415, 155-160 (2015). Presentation of a technique for direct analysis of raw samples by TLC coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) instead of conventional MS analysis, which for raw samples commonly requires time-consuming and laborious sample pretreatment and separation using HPLC or GC. The analytes of interest could be extracted, ionized and detected by ESI-MS with much reduced matrix interference because the interfering compounds were retained by the sorbent material of the TLC plate. Demonstration by applying in direct analysis of samples containing common interfering compounds, e.g. salts and detergents. Rapid detection and quantification of target analytes in raw samples showed that the TLC-ESI-MS method was simple, rapid, efficient and could be effectively applied in offline and online separation and detection of different components in raw samples, e.g. plant extracts.

J. Agric. Food Chem. 64, 8838-8847 (2016). HPTLC of free fatty acids produced after treatment of vegetable oils with crude lipase extracts from germinated seeds of Adansonia suarezensis, Adansonia grandidieri, Moringa oleifera, Moringa drouhardii, Jatropha mahafalensis, and Jatropha curcas seeds on silica gel with hexane – diethyl ether – acetic acid 70:30:1. The hRF value of free fatty acid was 43.

Chinese J. of Drug Evaluation 32 (4), 193-194 (2015). Fortune Paulownia leaf, the dry leaf of Paulownia fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl, is a TCM raw material used for treatment of carbuncles, furuncles, trauma, hemorrhage, etc. For quality control, TLC of its extracts on silica gel previously impregnated with 1 % iodine in dichloromethane and developed with cyclohexane – ethyl acetate – glacial acetic acid 20:6:1, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 105 ºC until the zones are clearly visualized, viewing (A) in white light and (B) under UV 366 nm. Identification by fingerprint comparison with the standards oleanolic acid (hRf 67) and ursolic acid (hRf 60) and the reference raw material in parallel.