Chromatographia 75 (9-10), 449-456 (2012). Proposal of application of OPLC and TLC techniques with micellar mobile phases to evaluate the lipophilicity of 21 newly synthesized 1,2,4-triazoles, compounds of potential importance in medicine or agriculture as fungicides. The separation of the compounds 1) by micellar TLC on cyano phase with buffered SDS – tetrahydrofuran 4:1 in a sandwich chamber; 2) by micellar OPLC on cyano phase with buffered SDS - tetrahydrofuran 4:1 in off-line mode; 3) by reversed-phase TLC on RP-8 phase with buffered solutions of acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran in concentrations varied in the range of volume fraction from 0.3 to 0.7, in constant steps of 0.1. Detection by densitometric scanning at UV 200 nm, or by means of a video camera at UV 254 nm. Application also of micellar HPLC technique on RP-8 column eluted with buffered SDS - acetonitrile 4:1, whereas in OPLC and TLC, cyano phases were applied, which allowed the use of micellar effluents in planar chromatography measurements. Determination of the micellar parameters log km and comparison with extrapolated R M0 values determined from reversed-phase TLC experimental data, as well as with log P values (Alog Ps, AClog P, Alog P, Mlog P, KowWin, xlog P2 and xlog P3) calculated from molecular structures of solutes tested. Application of principal component analysis (PCA) and linear regression showed the results of considerable similarity between partition and retention parameters as alternative lipophilicity descriptors, and indicated micellar chromatography as a suitable technique to study lipophilic properties of organic substances.

J. Liq. Chromatogr. Relat. Technol. 35, 1325-1335 (2012). HPTLC of tolperisone (1) and its impurities 4-methylpropiophenone (2) and piperidine (3) on silica gel with cyclohexane-1,4 - dioxane - isopropanol - ethanol 32:1:2:8 + 1 drop glacial acetic acid. Detection by dipping in a 0.3 % methanolic ninhydrin solution for 10 min, followed by heating at 105 °C for 5 min. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 570 nm. The hRf values of compounds (1) to (3) were 10, 76 and 60, respectively. Linearity was in the range of 60-1500 ng/band for (1), 90-400 ng/band for (2) and 40-250 ng/band for (3). Limits of detection and quantification were 20 and 60 ng/band for (1), 30 and 90 ng/band for (2) and 20 and 40 ng/band for (3), respectively.The intermediate precisions (level 2) for (1) to (3) were 1.6 %, 2.6 % and 2.4 % (n=5), respectively. Recovery for compounds (1) to (3) was between 84.6 and 99.7 %.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 25, 534-541 (2012). TLC of anthocyanins and anthocyanidins in berry fruits on cellulose layers with hydrochloric acid - glacial acetic acid - water 10:1:3. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 520 nm. The hRf values obtained for pelargonidin and cyanidin were 78 and 58, respectively. The TLC method was complementary to an HPLC method and allowed for identification of the major anthocyanidins characteristic for each berry fruit.

J. of China Pharm. 26 (5), 503-504 (2012). E Ling capsule is a herbal TCM for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, relieving pain, eliminating stagnation, and is prescribed clinically to treat pelvic endometriosis. For quality control, TLC of the extracts of the medicine on silica gel 1) for the root of red-rooted salvia, with toluene – ethyl acetate 19:1, detection by viewing in daylight; 2) for Fructus Aurantii, first over 4 cm with ethyl acetate – methanol – water 100:17:10, then over 8 cm with toluene – ethyl acetate – formic acid – water 20:10:1:1, detection at UV 366 nm after spraying with 1 % aluminium chloride in ethanol; 3) for Rhizoma Corydalis, with n-hexane – chloroform – methanol 15:8:2, detection at UV 366 nm.

J. of China Pharm. 21 (3), 16-18 (2012). Dingxuan granules are a herbal TCM preparation with nourishing effect on liver and kidney and curative effect on Meniere's syndrome. For quality control, TLC of the extracts of the medicine 1) for Radix Polygoni multiflori preparata, on silica gel first over 3.5 cm with chloroform – methanol 7:3, then over 7 cm with chloroform – methanol 20:1, detection at UV 366 nm; 2) for Radix Paeoniae alba, on silica gel with chloroform – methanol 4:1, detection by spraying with 5 % vanillin in sulfuric acid – ethanol 4:1 and heating at 105 °C, viewing under daylight; 3) for the fruit of Chinese wolfberry, on silica gel developed with chloroform – ethyl acetate – formic acid 2:3:1, detection at UV 366 nm; 4) for Angelica sinensis, on silica gel with n-hexane – ethyl acetate 17:3, detection at UV 366 nm.

Chinese J. of Trad. Chinese Med. for Emerg. 21 (5), 738-739 (2012). Ningxin pills are a TCM preparation with special efficiency on promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, relieving pain and are prescribed clinically to treat coronary disease and angina pectoris. For quality control, TLC of the extracts on silica gel 1) for Panax Notoginseng (Burk.) F.H.Chen, Radix Ginseng rubra, with the lower phase of chloroform – ethyl acetate – methanol – water 15:40:22:10, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 105 °C, viewing in daylight; 2) for Rhizoma Corydalis, with toluene – acetone 9:2, detection by exposure to iodine vapors and evaluation at UV 366 nm; 3) for borneol, with petroleum ether (30-60 ºC) – ethyl acetate – chloroform 11:1:3, detection by spraying with 1 % vanillin in sulfuric acid – ethanol 1:4 and heating at 105 °C, viewing in daylight.

J. of China Pharm. 21 (4), 30-31 (2012). Shenqixinjikang compound oral liquid, as a TCM preparation is specially effective for invigorating the circulation of blood, inducing resuscitation, relieving pain, and is prescribed clinically to cure cardiopalmus and angina pectoris. For quality control, TLC of the extracts of the medicine 1) for Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, on silica gel with petroleum ether ( 60-90 ºC) – formyl acetate – formic acid 15:5:1, detection at UV 366 nm; 2) for Leguminosae, on silica gel with n-butanol – acetic acid – water 5:1:4, detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 105 °C for 5 min followed by evaluation under daylight or UV 366 nm; 3) for Rehmannia, on silica gel with chloroform – methanol – water 14:6:1, detection by spraying with 3 % vanillin in ethanol – sulfuric acid 100:1 and heating at 105 °C followed by evaluation under daylight.

J. Sep. Sci. 36, 1317-1326 (2013). HPTLC of 1. aflatoxine G1; 2. ochratoxine A; 3. zearalenone; 4. quinine; 5. cinconine, 6. hydroquinine; 7. o-(4-chlorobenzoyl) hydroquinine; 8. hydroquinine 4-methyl-2-quinolyl ether; 9. (DHQ)2 Phal; 10. (DHQ)2 AQN and 11. camptothecin on RP-18, RP-8, and RP-2 with 85 to 95 % methanol in steps of 2.5 %. In the case of the other stationary phases, the methanol fraction modification was of 5 %. The methanol fraction ranged from 75 to 95 % for RP-18 W, from 35 to 55 % for amino phase, from 50 to 70 % for diol phase, and finally from 65 to 85 % for cyano phase. Qualitative identification by absorbance measurement at 254 and 366 nm. The lipophilicity indices indicated that the mRM appears to be the most suited descriptor.