Chromatogr. (Sepu) 14, 259-263 (1996). Two dimensional TLC of 30 amino acids, 40 organic acids and 20 nucleosides and related compounds on cellulose - silica with 1) isopropanol - ethyl acetate - acetone - methanol - para-amyl alcohol - NH3 - water 9:3:3:1:1:3:3, butanol - isopropanol - acetone - formic acid - water 18:8:8:3:6, 2) tert-butanol - ethanol - NH3 - water 5:6:1:3, isopentanol - petrol ether - ethanol - formic acid - propionic acid - water 45:100:25:20:1:1, 3) isopropanol - ethyl acetate - methanol - NH3 - water 5:3:1:3:1, isopropanol - saturated (NH4)2SO4 - water 4:77:19, for both direction, respectively. Detection under UV 254 nm, by spraying with 0.1 % acridine in ethanol, by spraying with ninhydrin-cadmium acetate reagent. Detection limit 10-10 - 10-11 mol, 2x10-8 - 5x10-8 mol, and 1x10-8 - 3x10-8 mol, respectively.

Chinese Anal. Chem. (Fenxi Huaxue) 26, 1047-1051 (1998). TLC of amino acids on silica gel with 1) chloroform - methanol - NH3 conc. 2:2:1, 2) phenol - water 3:1. Detection under UV 254 nm. Identification of tryptophan and histidine by FT-SERS. Detection limit 8 µg.

J. Sliwiok (ed.): Acta Chromatographica 10, 234-235 (2000). TLC on RP18W, silica gel/kieselguhr, and kieselguhr impregnated with paraffin oil with different mixtures of mobile phase. Best separation on RP18W with potassium hydrogen phosphate (0.1 M) - water - methanol 1:3:1. Postchromatographic derivatization with ninhydrin.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 17, 314-315 (2004). Separation of 22 amino acids on silica gel with n-propanol - water 7:3. Detection by spraying with 1) 5 % 4-hydroxyacetophenone in acetone, followed by drying in air until all solvent had completely evaporated, and heating in an oven at 110 °C for 10 min, and, after cooling, spraying with 2) 0.4 % isatin-5-sulfonic acid (sodium salt) in ethanol - water 4:1, followed by drying in air and heating for 10 min at 110 °C. Detection limits were betwen 0.1 and 2 µg.

Anal. Chem. 79, 486-493 (2007). TLC of methylene blue and methyl red on monolithic phase with ethyl acetate - ethanol -water 6:4:3 and 3:2:1 with chamber saturation for 30 min. After development the plates were dried and scanned with MALDI. TLC separation of fluorescamine labeled proteins (insulin, cytochrome c, lysozyme, and myoglobin) with 40 or 55 % aqueous acetonitrile and 0.1 % trifluoro acetic acid with chamber saturation for 30 min. Detection under UV 366 nm. Preparation of the monolithic layer: The polymerization mixture consisted of butyl methacrylate, ethylene dimethacrylate, 1-decanol, cyclohexanol, and 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl-acetophenone.

(Thin-layer chromatographic enantiomeric resolution via ligand exchange.) GIT-Suppl. 3, 6-12 (1986). Separation of enantiomeric amino acids and dipeptides on reversed phase silica gel covered with a chiral selector (proline derivative). Typical developing solvents: methanol - water - acetonitrile 5:5:20 (running time 30 min) and 5:5:3 (running time 90 min).

1. Polar pentapeptides. J. of Medicinal Chemistry 31, 960-966 (1988). TLC of enkephalin-related pentapeptides on silica with chloroform - methanol 8:1, chloroform - methanol - 32% acetic acid 120:90:5, chloroform - methanol - NH3 120:90:5 or 120:90:40, n-butanol - acetic acid - water 3:1:1 and chloroform - methanol 95:5. Visualization under UV and/or by spraying with ninhydrin and other reagents.

J. of Medicinal Chemistry 32, 807-826 (1989). TLC of peptidoleukotrienes on silica or C-18 reversed-phase silica with dichloromethane - hexane 5:95 and methanol - water 1:1. Visualization under UV and/or by spraying with molybdic acid - sulfuric acid followed by charring.