Cumulative CAMAG Bibliography Service CCBS

Our CCBS database includes more than 11,000 abstracts of publications. Perform your own detailed search of TLC/HPTLC literature and find relevant information.

The Cumulative CAMAG Bibliography Service CCBS contains all abstracts of CBS issues beginning with CBS 51. The database is updated after the publication of every other CBS edition. Currently the Cumulative CAMAG Bibliography Service includes more than 11'000 abstracts of publications between 1983 and today. With the online version you can perform your own detailed TLC/HPTLC literature search:

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      131 090
      (Determination of five amide herbicides in 2 kinds of root vegetables by thin layer chromatography and QuEChERS-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) (Chinese)
      H. FANG (Fang Haixian), H. GENG (G. Huichun), X. CHEN (Chen Xinglian), Y. PU (Pu Yali), H. LIU (Liu Hongcheng)* (*Qual. Standardizing & TestingTechnol. Inst., Yunnan Acad. Of Agr. Sci., Kunming 650205, China, liuorg@163.com)

      Chin J Anal Sci 38 (4), 433-440 (2022). TLC of acetochlor, alachlor, metolachlor, butachlor and pretilachlor in the root vegetables onion and garlic on silica gel with hexane – acetone 4:1. Detection by spraying with 5 % iodized bismuth potassium in acidic aqueous solution. Then QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe)-GC-MS/MS method in the selected ion monitoring mode for determination of residues of these compounds after extraction with acetonitrile and acetonitrile - acetic acid and purification by PSA , MWCNTs , GCB and C18 at optimized conditions. The linearity ranged from 0.02 to 2.0 μg/mL for the 5 compounds with the correlation coefficients greater than 0.99, the LOQ was 0.025 mg/ kg, the average recoveries ranged from 72.0 % to 102 % with the relative standard deviations from 0.5 % to 7.9 %.

      Classification: 17a
      131 062
      High‑performance thin‑layer chromatography analysis of industrial bamboo tableware for genotoxins, melamine and formaldehyde
      D. MEYER, Gertrud MORLOCK* (*Institute of Nutritional Science, Chair of Food Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich‑Buff‑Ring 26–32, 35392 Giessen, Germany, gertrud.morlock@uni-giessen.de)

      J. Planar Chromatogr. 36, 71-76 (2023). HPTLC of melamine (1), formaldehyde (2) and genotoxins (3) in bamboo tableware on silica gel with iso-propanol - ethyl acetate - water 10:5:6 for (1), chloroform - dichloromethane - diethyl ether 4:5:6 for (2) and (3). Genotoxin analysis by spraying with Salmonella suspension followed by spraying FDG substrate solution and incubation at 37 °C for 15 min. Qualitative analysis at 254 nm and densitometric absorption measurement at 202 nm for (1) to (3).

      Classification: 9, 17a
      131 007
      Principal component analysis and DoE-Based AQbD Approach to Multipurpose HPTLC method for synchronous estimation of multiple FDCs of metformin HCl, repaglinide, glibenclamide and pioglitazone HCl
      P. PRAJAPATI*, K. RADADIYA, S. SHAH (*Department of Quality Assurance, Maliba Pharmacy College, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Gujarat, India; pintu.prajapati@utu.ac.in)

      J Chrom Sci, bmad055 (2022). Standards of antiglycemic drugs were metformin hydrochloride (S1, a biguanide), glibenclamide (S2 = glyburide, a sulfonylurea), pioglitazone hydrochloride (S3, a thiazolidinedione), repaglinide (S4, a glinide). Samples were methanolic solutions of commercial tablets of S1 with each of the other molecules. The following method was developed by a software-assisted AQbD approach (analytical quality by design): (1) Several TLC separations were tried with toluene together with other solvents and with acidic or basic modifiers, with also variations of 24 method or instrumental parameters. (2) Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed in order to identify two principal components (PCs) responsible for 98 % of the observed variations: namely, resolution and tailing factor. Three critical method parameters (CMPs) had a statistically significant impact on the PCs: mobile phase (MP) composition, ammonium acetate concentration in MP, and saturation time. (3) To optimize these CMPs, the Box–Behnken design was implemented in 15 software-proposed experiments; the impacts of the 3 CMPs on the 2 PCs were evaluated by ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, and 2D and 3D contour plots. (4) The optimal CMPs ranges were determined by defining a MODR (method operable design region) on the superposed contour plots, and one TLC condition was selected as analytical control point.
      TLC on silica gel pre-washed with 10 mL methanol, dried and activated 10 min at 100° C. Separation with toluene – ethyl acetate – methanolic solution of 4 % ammonium acetate 7:7:6 after 15 min pre-saturation with 35 % relative humidity. Absorption emasurement at UV 254 nm. The hRF values were 13 for S1, 72 for S2, 82 for S3, 38 for S4. LOQ were 263, 387, 73 and 35 ng/zone, respectively. Linearity range was 25–75 µg/zone for S1, 100–300 ng/zone for S2 and S4, 750–2250 ng/zone for S3. Intermediate precision was below 2 %. For accuracy tests, recovery rates were between 97.6–101.4 %.

      Classification: 2e, 5c, 7, 8b, 17a, 17c, 23d, 23e, 24, 32a
      131 005
      Green TLC-densitometric method for simultaneous determination of antazoline and tetryzoline: application to pharmaceutical formulation and rabbit aqueous humor
      O.G. HUSSEIN, Yasmin ROSTOM*, M. ABDELKAWY, M.R. REZK, D.A. AHMED
      (*Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; yasmin.rostom@pharma.cu.edu.eg)

      J Chrom Sci, bmad042 (2023). Standards (separated and mixed) were antazoline (ANT) and tetryzoline (TET) hydrochlorides. Samples were one commercial ophthalmic solution containing both molecules (unspiked and spiked), and aqueous humour of untreated rabbits as biological fluid, spiked with various concentrations of ANT and TET. TLC on silica gel with ethyl acetate – ethanol 1:1. Visualization under UV 254 nm. Densitometric absorbance measurement at 220 nm (20mm/s scanning speed). The hRF was 47 for TET and 71 for ANT. System suitability was verified by resolution, selectivity, capacity and absence of tailing. The method was validated for linearity range (0.2 – 18 µg/band), for precision, for reproducibility, for robustness, and for accuracy expressed as average recovery values (100 % overall mean) at different concentrations. The method was also found statistically equivalent (Student’s t-test and F-test) to the official corresponding titrimetric methods of the European Pharmacopoeia. Finally, environmental and health impacts of the methods were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed better as the other described methods, using analytical greenness (AGREE), green analytical procedure index (GAPI), national environmental method index (NEMI), and analytical eco-scale (scores based on solvents/reagents, energy consumption, occupational hazard and waste generation).

      Classification: 7, 17a, 23e, 32a, 32f
      129 050
      Simultaneous quantification of brexpiprazole and sertraline HCl in synthetic mixture by thin‑layer chromatography method
      S. VAHORA, U. CHHALOTIYA*, H. KACHHIYA, J. TANDEL, D. SHAH (*Indukaka Ipcowala College of Pharmacy, Beyond GIDC, P.B. No. 53, Vitthal Udyognagar, Gujarat 388 121, India, usmangani84@gmail.com)

      J. Planar Chromatogr. 34, 549-557 (2021). HPTLC of brexpiprazole (1) and sertraline HCl (2) on silica gel with n-propanol - hexane - toluene - triethylamine 70:20:10:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 254 nm. The hRF values for (1) and (2) were 36 and 47, respectively. Linearity was between 4500 and 15000 ng/zone for (1) and 90 and 300 ng/zone for (2). Interday and intra-day precisions were below 4 % (n=3). The LOD and LOQ were 163 and 495 ng/zone for (1) and 35 and 107 ng/zone for (2), respectively. Recovery was between 99.5 and 101.1 % for (1) and 99.4 and 102.0 % for (2).

      Classification: 17a, 23e
      128 037
      Rapid determination of histamine level in seafood using read-out strips based on high-performance thin layer chromatography modified with self-visualization nanomaterials
      Y. ZHANG (Zhang Yiming), J. YU (Yu Jinsheng), S. LAI (Lai Shuyu), J. SONG (Song JIan), X. WU (Wu Xiaomei), D. WANG (Wang Dingnan), L. PANG (Pang Lonjiang)*, T. CHAI (Chai Tinhting) (*School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, People’s Republic of China, ljpang@zafu.edu.cn)

      Food Control. 122, 107816 (2021). HPTLC of histamine in fish samples on a silica gel read-out strip coated with a ninhydrin@TiO2 complex (0.1 M titanium butoxide and 5 % ninhydrin as precursors) as self-visualization nanomaterial in the histamine target zone (hRF value of 24). Samples were developed using n-butanol - acetone - ammonia 20:5:2. Detection after heating at 80 °C for 30 s. Linearity was between 15 and 320 mg/kg. The LOD for histamine was 5 mg/kg. 

      Classification: 17a
      127 005
      Utilization of a crown ether/amine‐type rotaxane as a probe for the versatile detection of anions and acids by Thin‐Layer Chromatography.
      S. MIYAGAWA, M. KIMURA, S. KAGAMI, T. KAWASAKI, Y. TOKUNAGA* (*Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, Japan; tokunaga@u-fukui.ac.jp)

      Chem. Asian J. 15(19), 3044-3049 (2020). The studied rotaxane combines a dibenzocrown of 8 ethers (DB24C8) with an axle chain (Ax) containing two amines, one of them in an aniline group, allowing stability of the rotaxane even when the other one is unprotonated. TLC on silica gel in 4 steps, with detection under UV light or after derivatization with phosphomolybdic acid in ethanol. (1) Before the synthesis of the rotaxane, unprotonated Ax was isolated by preparative TLC of the protonated Ax obtained by addition of HCl or toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH); the mobile phases were chloroform – methanol 10:1 and toluene – tetrahydrofurane 3:2, respectively. The isolated molecules were confirmed as totally unprotonated Ax by NMR, suggesting a complete loss of HCl and TsOH on the silica gel layer. (2) After synthesis, unprotonated rotaxane, pure vs. monoprotonated by the addition of 10 different acids (and purified by column chromatography CC), was applied on TLC plates and developed with dichloromethane – acetone – water 3:16:1; the hRF values were very different, depending on the counter-anions from the used acids. (3) The same behavior (except with sulfuric acid) was observed under the same conditions when CC was omitted (unprotonated rotaxane samples were mixed with each of the acids, or with two acids at the same time for acid-competitive TLC analysis). (4) When unprotonated rotaxane was applied under the same conditions as in step (3) with the sodium salts instead of the acids, the behavior was similar (except for the shapes of the spots, due to the salts in excess). The rotaxane can thus be used for the TLC separation and detection of sodium salts, by forming salts of protonated rotaxane with the anion afforded by these sodium salts. The rotaxane protonation seems to be promoted by the methanol of the spotting mixture; indeed, when step (3) was performed with the mobile phase chloroform – methanol 10:1, a second zone appeared because methanol formed a salt with the rotaxane (identified by NMR).

      Classification: 4e, 5a, 5b, 17a
      127 046
      Fate of tris(2‑chloroethyl)amine in water and alkaline environment determined by thin‑layer chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
      T. ROZSYPAL (Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Defence Institute, University of Defence, Vita Nejedleho 691, 68203 Vyskov, Czech Republic, tomas.rozsypal@unob.cz)

      J. Planar Chromatogr. 33, 669-677 (2020). HPTLC of tris(2-chloroethyl)amine (HN-3) on silica gel with benzene - methanol - triethylamine 425:75:1. Detection by spraying with derivatization reagent (2mg/mL of KMnO4 with 4 mL of H3PO4). The method allowed to study the influence of pH on the degradation of HN-3 and the triethanolamine rate of appearance.

      Classification: 17a