littorale. J. Planar Chromatogr. 17, 128-131 (2004). HPTLC of the secoiridoid glucoside swertiamarin on silica gel with ethyl acetate - methanol - water 77:15:5 after pre-saturation for 30 min. Quantitative determination at 250 nm. The method was validated for precision, repeatability, and accuracy and found to be precise.

Anhui Agri. Sci. Bull. 18 (1), 43-45 (2012). Soybean saponin is a component of soybean which has physiological activities and is composed of a variety of monomers. Presentation of a procedure for the separation of saponin extracted from soybean using ethanol. TLC on silica gel with 1) chloroform – ethyl acetate – methanol – water 15:40:22:10; 2) chloroform – ethyl acetate – methanol – water 3:4:2:1; 3) chloroform – ethyl acetate – methanol – water – acetic acid 3:4:2:1:0.05; 4) chloroform – ethyl acetate – methanol – water – acetic acid 30:80:40:20:1. Detection by spraying with 10 % sulfuric acid in ethanol and heating at 95 ºC until the zones are clearly visualized. Detection under UV 366 nm. The results showed that the mobile phase 1 gave the optimum separation of the soybean saponin.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 28, 294-299 (2015). HPTLC of cucurbitacin B in Lagenaria siceraria on silica gel with chloroform - methanol 19:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 242 nm. The hRF value for cucurbitacin was 67. Linearity was in the range of 200-1200 ng/zone. LOD and LOQ were 40 and 123 ng/zone, respectively. The intermediate precision was below 6 % (n=6). Recovery ranged between 95 and 96 %.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 29, 209-215 (2016). HPTLC of berberine in Tinospora cordifolia on silica gel with methanol – acetic acid – water 8:1:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 366 nm. The hRF value of ranolazine was 71. Linearity was in the range of 120-360 ng/zone. Intermediate precisions were below 2 %. The LOD and LOQ were 40 and 120 ng/zone, respectively. The average recovery was 98.6 %.

J. Chromatogr. Sci. 55 (10), 1059-1065 (2017). Presentation of a new high-throughput method for the simultaneous analysis of isoflavones and soyasaponins in soy (Glycine max L.) products by HPTLC on silica gel with ethyl acetate – methanol – water – acetic acid 100:20:16:1. Detection by treatment with anisaldehyde sulfuric acid reagent. Quantitative determination by densitometric multi-wavelength scanning at UV 265 nm for genistin, daidzin and glycitin and at 650 nm for soyasaponins I and III. The correlation coefficient of the linear calibration curve was >0.994. Intra-day precision (%RSD) of substances in matrix was between 0.7-0.9 %, inter-day precision (%RSD) was between 1.2-1.8 %). The method was suitable for the determination of the studied analytes in soy-based infant formula and soybean products.

Phytochemistry 21

Phytochemistry 23, 2605-2607 (1984). TLC of various steroidal saponins on silica with chloroform -methanol - water 65:40:12, butanol - pyridine -water 6:4:3 and butanol - ethanol - water 5:1:4. Detection with Ehrlich's reagent. TLC of the sapogenins on silica with hexane - ethyl acetate 2:3 or benzene - acetone 85:15. Also TLC combined with droplet counter-current chromatography.

Chem. Pharm Bull 34, 2209-2213 (1986). TLC of methanolic extracts of sapindus species on silica with ethyl acetate - ethanol - water 8:2:1. Detection with sulfuric acid. Excellent separations of monodesmosides formed of oleanolic acid and various sugars are obtained. Solvent system suitable for other types of saponins.