J. Agric. Food Chem. 49, 4392-4396 (2001). TLC of spirostanol and furostanol saponins on silica gel with chloroform - methanol 8:3 and chloroform - hexane 9:1. Visualization by specific sprays for saponins.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 18, 314-318 (2005). TLC of iridoids (e. g. aucubin, catalpol, harpagide, 8-O-acetylharpagide, ajugoside) from aqueous plant extracts on silica gel with chloroform - methanol - water 25:10:1 and 160:55:8 and ethyl acetate - formic acid 7:4. Detection by spraying with a solution of 1 % 4-dimethylaminebenzaldehyde in conc. HCl containing acetic anhydride (Ehrlich’s reagent) and heating at 105 °C for 5 min. Quantitation by densitometry at 540 nm.

J. Sep. Sci. 36, 2373-2378 (2013). HPTLC of 6alpha,7alpha-diacetoxy-13-hydroxy-8(9),14-labdadien (1), 13-hydroxy-5(10),14-halimadien-6-one (2), and 9-hydroxy-13(14)-labden-16,15-olide (3) in the leaves of Vitex trifolia L. on silica gel with chloroform - acetone 49:1. Detection by spraying with vanillin-sulfuric acid reagent. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 610 nm. The hRf of compounds (1), (2) and (3) were 74, 57 and 51, respectively. Linearity was 333-1000 ng/zone for (1) and (2) and 670-2000 ng/zone for (3). LOD were in the range of 73, 56, and 92 ng/zone and LOQ were found to be 242, 186, and 307 ng/zone for (1), (2) and (3), respectively. The intra- and inter-assay precisions were in the range of 1.0-1.2 % and 1.1-1.3 %, respectively for compounds (1) to (3). Recovery (by standard addition) ranged 99.1-102.7 %.

Food Res. Int. 76, 142-149 (2015). HPTLC of saponins in chickpea, soy and faba beans on silica gel with chloroform - acetic acid - methanol - water 16:8:3:2. Detection by dipping into p-anisaldehyde sulfuric acid reagent for 2 s, drying for 10 min, followed by heating at 70 °C for 5 min. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 545 nm. The hRF values of saponins were 44-46 as orange band and 48-50 as violet-blue band on a dark background. Saponin identification by hyphenation of HPTLC with mass spectrometry (MS) via a TLC–MS interface.

Phytochemistry. 130, 22-46 (2016). The review describes 141 steroidal saponins and sapogenins from the genus Agave reported in the literature from 1970 to 2015. It is a comprehensive review of structures, methods of chemical profiling, including the application of TLC and 2D-TLC for the analysis of saponins and sapogenins, and HPTLC for the determination of hecogenin.

Planta Med. 83, 1035-1043 (2017). TLC on silica gel with detection with anisaldehyde or Kedde’s reagent, 1) with ethyl acetate to monitor the isolation of digitoxin, by flash chromatography, from a fraction of a methanolic extract of Digitalis lanata, 2) with ethyl acetate – dichloromethane 1:1 to monitor five different methods for the hemisynthesis (with silver oxyde and diphenylborinic acid) of glucoevatromonoside from evatromonoside, itself produced from digitoxin, 3) with ketone – methanol 19:1 to analyse the glucoevatromonoside produced by biotransformation of evatromonoside by the glycosyltransferase activity of suspension cell cultures of Digitalis lanata. Digitoxigenin was used as internal standard, using the methanol fraction of the cell lysates, either directly or after a purification by flash chromatography. Hemisynthesis was twice more efficient as biotransformation, but the yield did not reach 70%.

Chem. Pharm. Bull. 31, 1199-1206 (1983). TLC of new cardenolide glycosides on silica with a) chloroform - methanol - water 7:3:1, b) the lower layer of chloroform - methanol - water 5:6:4 and c) the upper layer of ethyl acetate - methanol - water 7:1:7 or 2:1:2. Detection with Kedd's reagent or 5 % H2SO4. Solvent systems suitable for other types of glycosides such as Saponins. Also droplet counter-current chromatography (DCCC) with solvent b).

Phytochemistry 23, 2907-2910 (1984). Separation of very polar saponins from zexmenia buphthalmiflora by TLC on silica with chloroform - methanol - acetic acid - water 30:8:1.5:1. Detection with anisaldehyde/sulfuric acid. Solvent system also suitable for other saponins containing uronic acids. Also TLC of methylated saponins on silica with toluene-ethanol 20:7.