Chinese J. Chromatogr. (Sepu) 18 (6), 546-549 (2001). Presentation of a computer-assisted method for the optimization of mobile phase for the separation of mixtures of ginsenosides by 2D-TLC, based on the correlation between the proportions of solvent components and the Rf values of ginsenosides, and using Dmin as selection criterion with a two factor Xs and Ys) statistically scanning technique. Discussion of the greater separation power and the excellent agreement of the results with the predicted ones.

Planta med. 66, 545-550 (2000). HPTLC of three new steroidal saponins (hecogenin 3-O-b-xylopyranosyl(1-3)-b-glucopyranosyl(1-4)-b-galactopyranoside, hecogenin 3-O-b-glucopyranosyl(1-2)-b-glucopyranosyl(1-4)-b-galactopyranoside, and 3-O-[?-xylopyranosyl(1-2)-[b-xylopyranosyl(1-3)]-b-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-[a-rhamnopyranosyl(1-2)]-b-galactopyranosyl]-26-O-b-glucopyranosyl -22-methoxy-(3b,5a,25R)-furostan-3,26-diol) on silica gel with chloroform - methanol - water 70:10:1; 50:10:1; 13:7:2, acetone, and methanol - water in different proportions. Acidic hydrolysis of saponins with vapor of concentrated hydrochloric acid on the HPTLC plate (80°C water bath for 10 min), followed by development with chloroform - methanol - water 30:12:4; 9 mL of lower layer and 1 mL acetic acid). Visualization by spraying with phenylamine-o-benzenedicarboxylic acid reagent followed by heating. This method was used for identification of sugars with authentic samples. HPTLC of aglycones (hecogenin, tigogenin) on silica gel with petroleum ether - ethyl acetate 5:1.

Planta med. 68, 492-496 (2002). TLC of glycosides (3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-4-methylphenyl ß-D-glucopyranoside, 4-benzoyl-2-C-ß-glucopyranosyl-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methylphenyl ß-D-glucopyranoside, 2-endo-ß-D-glucopyranosyloxy-1,8-cineole, and 2-exo-ß-D-glucopyranosyloxo-1,8-cineole, roseoside, citroside) on silica gel with ethyl acetate - formic acid - water 17:2:3. Detection under UV light at 254 nm and by dipping in vanillin - sulfuric acid reagent.

by slow rotary countercurrent chromatography. J. Liq. Chromatogr. & Relat. Technol. 29, 2451-2456 (2006). TLC of saponins (lucyoside Q and lucyoside H) on silica gel with chloroform - methanol - water 7:3:1. Detection by spraying with 5 % sulfuric acid in ethanol followed by heating at 110 °C.

J. Sep. Sci. 31, 3959-3964 (2008). HPTLC of steroidal glycosides of Hoodia species and dietary supplements that claim to contain Hoodia gordonii, on silica gel with dichloromethane – methanol – water 375:85:11. Detection by dipping in anisaldehyde reagent (0.5 mL p-anisaldehyde in a mixture of 85 mL methanol, 10 mL acetic acid, and 5 mL sulfuric acid), followed by heating at 100 °C for 5 min. The hRf values were 8 for Hoodigoside M, 18 for Hoodigoside L, 20 for Hoodigoside P, 25 for Hoodigoside U, 31 for Hoodigoside O, 41 for Hoodigoside E, 42 for Hoodigoside F, 46 for Hoodigoside J, 53 for Hoodigoside N, 62 for P57, and 68 for Hoodigoside C. LC-UV-MS confirmation was performed for the samples analyzed.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 27, 454-459 (2014). HPTLC of (1) asiatic acid, (2) asiaticoside and (3) madecassoside in whole plant of Centella asiatica on silica gel with toluene – ethyl acetate – formic acid 5:5:1 for (1) and n-butanol - ethyl acetate - water 4:1:5 for (2) and (3). Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 600 nm. The hRF values of (1) to (3) were 52, 48 and 45, respectively. Linearity was in the range of 100-1000 ng/zone for (1) to (3). The intermediate precision was below 2 % (n=3) for (1) to (3). The LOD and LOQ were 40 and 100 ng/zone, respectively, for (1) to (3). Recovery for (1) to (3) were between 97.1 and 101.2 %.

J. Agric. Food Chem. 64, 1087-1093 (2016). HPTLC of glycyrrhizin (1), liquiritin (2) and liquiritigenin (3) in Licorice on silica gel with 1-butanol – water – acetic acid 7:2:1. Detection by spraying with 10 % (v/v) sulfuric acid solution followed by heating at 105 °C for 5 min. Eastern blotting by spraying the plate with freshly prepared blotting solution comprising 2-propanol – methanol – water 1:5:10 and 0.05 % ammonia. The TLC plate was then covered with a polyethersulphone (PES) membrane and glass microfiber filter and all components were transferred to the PES membrane by press blotting for 65 s at 120 °C on a hot plate. The blotted PES membrane was dipped in sodium periodate solution (10 mg/mL) and left for 30 min. After rinsing with water, 1 % BSA in a 50 mM carbonate buffer (pH 9.6) was added and shaken for 3 h. Subsequently, the PES membrane was blocked with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing 5% skimmed milk to reduce the nonspecific binding reaction for 1 h. After washing three times with PBS containing 0.05 % Tween 20 (PBST), the membrane was immersed in the anti-Liq mAb solution for 3 h. Following the antigen–antibody complex reaction, the PES membrane was washed twice with PBST. Subsequently, a HRP-labeled antimouse IgG goat serum (whole molecule) solution diluted with PBST (1:500) was added and shaken for 1 h. After washing twice with PBST and once with PBS for 5 min, the PES membrane was exposed to a freshly prepared 4-chloro-1-naphthol/0.03 % hydrogen peroxide solution in PBS (1 mg/mL) for 10 min. The reaction was stopped by washing with PBS.

J. Ethnopharmacol. 197, 184-194 (2017). HPTLC of arjunetin in Terminalia arjuna on silica gel with ethyl acetate – toluene – formic acid – acetic acid 12:6:1:2. Detection by spraying with anisaldehyde sulfuric acid reagent. The hRF value for arjunetin was 25.