J. Liq. Chromatogr. & Relat. Technol. 29, 2095-2109 (2006). Analytical and preparative TLC of ecdysteroids (e. g. dacryhainansterone, 20-hydroxy-ecdysone) on silica gel in unsaturated glass chambers with dichloromethane - methanol - benzene 25:5:3 and ethyl acetate - 96% ethanol - water 16:2:1. Detection under UV 254 nm or by spraying with vanillin-sulfuric acid reagent, followed by detection under white light and under UV 366 nm. Densitometric absorbance measurement at 254 nm.

Chinese J. Ethnomed. Ethnopharm. 23, 69-71 (2011). In recent years, some unauthorized specific medicines were available as “traditional cure”, “folk recipe”, or “ancestral folk prescription” in China, such as powders and pills for relieving cough or capsules for rheumatic arthritis. It has been found that certain kinds of steroid hormones were added. Description of a quick method for screening of prednisone acetate and dexamethasone acetate in the chloroform extracts of the popular medicines by TLC on silica gel with dichloromethane – diethyl ether – methanol – water 385:60:15:2. Detection by heating at 105 °C for 10 min followed by spraying with 2 % alkaline tetrazolium solution and viewing under daylight.

Pharmazie 37, 836-838 (1982). TLC of ethinylestradiol on silica with chloroform - ethyl acetate 8:2. Densitometry at 280 nm.

I. C19-steroids in axillary hair. Acta medica 40, 139-145 (1983). TLC of 5-androstene-3 beta,17 beta-diol; testosterone, 5-alpha dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepandrosterone; androsterone; 4-androstene-3, 17-dione; 5-alpha-androstane-3,17-dione on alumina with hexane - ethyl acetate - ethanol - acetic acid 120:130:1:2, and on silica with a) chloroform - dioxane 95:5, b) cyclohexane - ethyl acetate 8:2, c) chloroform - acetone 3:2.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 1, 161-167 (1988). Two-dimensional TLC on four types of layer with nine solvents for normal phase TLC and four solvents for reversed-phase TLC. Presentation of the optimal combinations. Evaluation of 171 computer-generated systems for the separation of a mixture of 15 steroids using visual inspection, the distance between the most poorly separated pair of solutes and the value of each three chromatographic optimization function as criteria for separation quality.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 3, 236-242 (1990). HPTLC separation of anabolic steroids on silica; androgens and gestagens with cyclohexane - ethyl acetate - ethanol 24:16:1 in the first direction and chloroform - acetone 9:1 in the second direction; estrogens with chloroform - benzene - ethanol 36:4:1 in the first direction and hexane - ether - dichloromethane 4:3:2 in the second. An additional confirmation of the identity of the steroids is possible by HPTLC on silica RP-18 with methanol - water - toluene 13:4:1 in the first direction and hexane - dichloromethane - acetonitrile 8:2:1 in the second. Detection by fluorescence after immersion in a 5% sulfuric acid - ethanol solution for 30 sec and viewing under UV 366 nm. Method for routine HPTLC analysis.

J. Planar Chromatogr. 5, 396-407 (1992). Review with 82 references of the advances in the techniques and applications of TLC for the separation, detection, and quantification of steroids for the past ten years, focussing mostly on industrial steroid analysis. Methods prescribed in the latest editions of the USP, BP, and Ph. Eur. are considered in particular. To differentiate between the concepts and principles of the various pharmacopoeias, the TLC methods used for identification and purity testing of steroid raw materials and formulated products are compared with special regard to the separation systems prescribed, the methods used for visualization and quantification. 1. Introduction; 2. Separation Methods (separation of pharm. important steroids on chem. bonded phases, separation of steroid epimers on chem. modified silica stationary phases, reverse phases paired ion TLC of steroids); 3. Special Techniques (separation, detection and quantification); 4. Recent Analytical Applications; 5. The role of TLC in industrial steroid analysis, with emphasis on Pharmacopoeial prescriptions.

J. Chinese Herb Med. (Zhongcaoyao) 27, 422-426 (1996). TLC of amino acids on silica with chloroform - methanol - formic acid 35:15:1. Detection by spraying with 0.2% ninhydrin in ethanol. TLC of steroids on silica with benzene - petrol ether 4:1. Detection by spraying with acetic anhydride - sulfuric acid - ethanol 1:1:10 and heating at 100°C for 15 min.