Acta Chrom. 12, 159-169 (2002) Acta Chrom. 12, 159-169 (2002) TLC of carbohydrates on LK5DF silica gel plates containing 19 lanes and a pre-adsorbent sample-application zone, prewashed with dichloromethane – methanol 1:1, with ethyl acetate – glacial acetic acid – methanol – water 12:3:3:2. Detection by spraying with alpha-naphthol–sulfuric acid sugar-detection reagent followed by heating at 110 ºC for 5 min. Densitometry of glucose and raffinose at 515 nm. HPTLC of amino acids with four different TLC systems: on silica gel with preadsorbent zone, on RP-18 with concentrating zone, on cellulose F with n-butanol – acetic acid – water 3:1:1, and on ion-exchange sheets with citrate buffer of pH 3.3 (84 g citric acid monohydrate, 16 g NaOH, and 5.9 mL HCl 37% per L). Detection by spraying with ninhydrin reagent, followed by drying in air for 30 min and heating for 10 min at 110 ºC. Quantification by densitometry at 495 nm for histidine and 610 nm for tryptophan.

J. Liq. Chromatogr. Relat. Technol. 41, 315-323 (2018). HPTLC of three types of macrocyclic compounds, i.e. (1) cyclodextrins, (2) calixarenes and (3) macrocyclic antibiotics, on silica gel or RP-18 with different compositions of water – organic liquids (methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile). Detection of (1) on silica gel with a 1:1 mixture of 10 % α-naphthol in ethanol and 10 % sulfuric acid in water, followed by heating at 120 °C for 5-10 min; and on RP18 W by spraying with a 25 % methanolic solution of sulfuric acid, followed by heating at 120 °C for 5-10 min. Detection of (2) by spraying with 20 % aqueous solution of perchloric acid, followed by heating at 120 °C for 5 min. A comprehensive retention data set was obtained for fast selection of mobile phase compositions.

J. Chinese Trad. Patent Med. (Zhongchengyao) 24 (4), 296-298 (2002). TLC on silica gel with iso-pentanol - pyridine - water 4:4:1. Detection by spraying with aniline - diphenylamine phosphate solution and heating at 105°C. Quantitation by densitometry at 380 nm.

J. Chromatogr. A 1272, 132-135 (2013). Honey is a saturated solution of sugars, used for a long time as a natural source of sugars and is an important ingredient in traditional medicine due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. For quality control and detection of adulteration, TLC of (1) glucose, (2) fructose and (3) sucrose on silica gel aluminum foil twice with ethyl acetate – pyridine – water – acetic acid 12:6:2:1 up to 80 mm. Detection in visible light after dipping in diphenylamine - aniline reagent (2 mg diphenylamine and 2 mg aniline HCl were dissolved in 80 mL acetone, 15 mL phosphoric acid were added and the solution was diluted to 100 mL with acetone) and drying at 110 °C for 15 min. The hRf value of (1) was 46, (2) 52 and (3) 39. Linearity was between 6-16 µg/zone for (1)-(3). Repeatability and intermediate precision (%RSD, n=6) for (1), (2), and (3) was 1.2, 1.3, and 1.1 % and 0.1, 1.3, and 1.1 %, respectively. Recovery (by standard addition) was between 100.7 and 102.1 % for all three substances.

II. Commercial chewing gum. Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch. 176, 12-15 (1983). TLC of sugars, polyols, coloring matters, waxes and paraffins, glycerides and polyvinyl derivatives, flavoring matters, on silica and cellulose with 7 solvent systems, e.g. butanol - isopropanol - water 5:3:1, isopropanol -ethyl acetate - water 7:2:1, acetone - water 9:1. Detection with 6 reagent mixtures.

J. Fac. of Sci and Tech. Kinki Univ. 20, 121-126 (1984). TLC of carbohydrates on silica with butanol - acetone - water in various proportions. Detection by spraying with 5-hydroxy-1-tetralone in sulfuric acid and UV irradiation.

J. Chinese Chromatogr. 8, 198, 158 (1990). TLC of glucose and mannose in the hydrolysate of Konjaku on silica, impregnated with 0.5 mol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate, with isopropanol – acetone – 0.1 mol/L formic acid 4:4:2. Detection by spraying with diphenylamine – phosphoric acid – phenylamine – acetone – biphenylamine – acetic acid 4:20:2:200:0.66:100 (W/V/V/V/W/V/). Quantification by densitometry.

J. Chromatogr. A 705, 89-103 (1995). A review with 89 references on the title method and its applications. The technique separates fluorescently-labeled carbohydrates on polyacrylamide gels and uses a charge-coupled device camera to detect and quantify the products.