Cumulative CAMAG Bibliography Service CCBS

Our CCBS database includes more than 11,000 abstracts of publications. Perform your own detailed search of TLC/HPTLC literature and find relevant information.

The Cumulative CAMAG Bibliography Service CCBS contains all abstracts of CBS issues beginning with CBS 51. The database is updated after the publication of every other CBS edition. Currently the Cumulative CAMAG Bibliography Service includes more than 11'000 abstracts of publications between 1983 and today. With the online version you can perform your own detailed TLC/HPTLC literature search:

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      131 057
      Analytical method development and validation for the simultaneous estimation of quercetin, berberine, rutin and curcumin in a polyherbal formulation using high‑performance thin‑layer chromatography
      A. KHAINAR, S. LOHIDASAN*, R. DUBEY, S. SANKARAN (*Department of Quality Assurance Techniques, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India, l.satyanarayan@bharatividyapeeth.edu)

      J. Planar Chromatogr. 36, 63-70 (2023). HPTLC of quercetin (1), berberine (2), rutin (3) and curcumin (4) in a polyherbal formulation on silica gel with toluene - ethyl acetate - methanol - formic acid 10:6:4:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 366 nm for (1) to (3) and 425 nm for (4). The hRF values for (1) to (4) were 57, 30, 9 and 66, respectively. Linearity was in the range of 500-3000 ng/zone for (1), 200-700 ng/zone for (2), 1000-6000 ng/zone for (3) and 100-350 ng/zone for (4). Intermediate precisions were below 2 % (n=6). LOD and LOQ were 119 and 362 ng/zone for (1), 33 and 100 ng/zone for (2), 248 and 750 ng/zone for (3) and 14 and 42 ng/zone for (4). Recovery was between 95 and 102 % for (1) to (4).

      Classification: 7, 8a, 8b
      131 058
      A validated high‑performance thin‑layer chromatography method for the quantification of chlorogenic acid in the hydroalcoholic extract of Gynura cusimbua leaves
      S. CHAUDHAR, A. KAR, P. BHARDWAJ*, N. SHARMA, S. DEVI, P. MUKHERJEE (*Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, Manipur, India, pardeep2128@gmail.com)

      J. Planar Chromatogr. 36, 45-53 (2023). HPTLC of chlorogenic acid in the leaves of Gynura cusimbua on silica gel with ethyl acetate - formic acid - acetic acid - water 500:55:55:13. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 366 nm. The hRF value for chlorogenic acid was 43. Linearity was in the range of 50-250 ngzone. Intermediate precisions were below 2 % (n=3). LOD and LOQ were 14 and 43 ng/zone, respectively. Recovery was between 97.8 and 98.3 %.

      Classification: 7
      131 061
      Marker‑based standardization of polyherbal capsule formulation by high‑performance thin‑layer chromatography (HPTLC)–densitometric method using andrographolide and catechin
      V. KHANVILKAR*, P. HANDE, S. MANDLE (*Department of Quality Assurance, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, C.B.D. Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, vineeta.khanvilkar@bvcop.in)

      J. Planar Chromatogr. 36, 55-61 (2023). HPTLC of catechin (1) and andrographolide (2) in Himalaya PartySmart capsule on silica gel with chloroform - acetone - formic acid 14:6:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 259 nm. The hRF values for (1) and (2) were 41 and 78, respectively. Linearity was in the range of 500-2500 ng/zone for (1) and 250-1250 ng/zone for (2). Intermediate precisions were below 2 % (n=3). LOD and LOQ were 205 and 621 ng/zone for (1) and 134 and 406 ng/zone for (2), respectively. Recovery was between 97.6 and 102.0 % for (1) and 96.7 and 104.1 % for (2).

      Classification: 7, 14
      131 064
      Development and validation of a high‑performance thin‑layer chromatography method for the simultaneous quantification of rosmarinic acid, quercetin, glycyrrhizin and betulinic acid in polyherbal immunostimulant formulation
      R. JAIN, S. RAJPUT, N. SETHLYA*, S. CHAUDDHARY (*Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390001, India, neeraj.sethiya@dituniversity.edu.in)

      J. Planar Chromatogr. 35, 571-577 (2022). HPTLC of rosmarinic acid (1), quercetin (2), glycyrrhizin (3) and betulinic acid (4) in polyherbal immunostimulant formulation on silica gel with ethyl acetate - toluene - methanol - formic acid 14:2:1:1. Quantitative determination by absorbance measurement at 254 nm. The hRF values for (1) to (4) were 68, 74, 14 and 87, respectively. Linearity was between 400 and 1900 ng/zone for (1) to (4). Intermediate precisions were below 2 % (n=6). LOD and LOQ were 4 and 11 ng/zone for (1), 1 and 3 ng/zone for (2), 12 and 36 ng/zone for (3) and 0.3 and 0.9 ng/zone for (4), respectively. Average recovery was 99.1 % for (1), 99.8 % for (2), 99.8 % for (3) and 100.3 % for (4).

      Classification: 7, 14
      131 007
      Principal component analysis and DoE-Based AQbD Approach to Multipurpose HPTLC method for synchronous estimation of multiple FDCs of metformin HCl, repaglinide, glibenclamide and pioglitazone HCl
      P. PRAJAPATI*, K. RADADIYA, S. SHAH (*Department of Quality Assurance, Maliba Pharmacy College, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Gujarat, India; pintu.prajapati@utu.ac.in)

      J Chrom Sci, bmad055 (2022). Standards of antiglycemic drugs were metformin hydrochloride (S1, a biguanide), glibenclamide (S2 = glyburide, a sulfonylurea), pioglitazone hydrochloride (S3, a thiazolidinedione), repaglinide (S4, a glinide). Samples were methanolic solutions of commercial tablets of S1 with each of the other molecules. The following method was developed by a software-assisted AQbD approach (analytical quality by design): (1) Several TLC separations were tried with toluene together with other solvents and with acidic or basic modifiers, with also variations of 24 method or instrumental parameters. (2) Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed in order to identify two principal components (PCs) responsible for 98 % of the observed variations: namely, resolution and tailing factor. Three critical method parameters (CMPs) had a statistically significant impact on the PCs: mobile phase (MP) composition, ammonium acetate concentration in MP, and saturation time. (3) To optimize these CMPs, the Box–Behnken design was implemented in 15 software-proposed experiments; the impacts of the 3 CMPs on the 2 PCs were evaluated by ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, and 2D and 3D contour plots. (4) The optimal CMPs ranges were determined by defining a MODR (method operable design region) on the superposed contour plots, and one TLC condition was selected as analytical control point.
      TLC on silica gel pre-washed with 10 mL methanol, dried and activated 10 min at 100° C. Separation with toluene – ethyl acetate – methanolic solution of 4 % ammonium acetate 7:7:6 after 15 min pre-saturation with 35 % relative humidity. Absorption emasurement at UV 254 nm. The hRF values were 13 for S1, 72 for S2, 82 for S3, 38 for S4. LOQ were 263, 387, 73 and 35 ng/zone, respectively. Linearity range was 25–75 µg/zone for S1, 100–300 ng/zone for S2 and S4, 750–2250 ng/zone for S3. Intermediate precision was below 2 %. For accuracy tests, recovery rates were between 97.6–101.4 %.

      Classification: 2e, 5c, 7, 8b, 17a, 17c, 23d, 23e, 24, 32a
      131 006
      Application of Taguchi OA and Box–Behnken design for the implementation of DoE-based AQbD approach to HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation of azilsartan and cilnidipine
      P. PRAJAPATI*, P. TAILOR, A. SHAHI, A. ACHARYA, S. SHAH
      (*Department of Quality Assurance, Maliba Pharmacy College, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Mahuva, Surat, Gujarat, India; pintu21083@gmail.com)

      J Chrom Sci, bmad045 (2022). Standards were azilsartan medoxomil (AZL) and cilnidipine (CLN). Samples were acetonitrile solutions of commercial tablets of AZL and CLN, and purified human blood plasma as biological fluid spiked with AZL and CLN. The following method was developed by a software-assisted AQbD approach (analytical quality by design): (1) Taguchi orthogonal array design was implemented in 8 screening experiments in order to identify the 3 critical method variables (CMVs), which were: volume ratio of toluene – ethyl acetate, volume of methanol and saturation time. These CMVs had statistically significant impact (one-way ANOVA and Pareto charts) on the 3 critical analytical attributes (CAAs, they were: resolution between AZL and CLN and their hRF values). (2) To optimize these CMVs, the Box–Behnken design was implemented in 15 software-proposed experiments; the impacts of the 3 CMVs on the 3 CAAs were evaluated by ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, and 2D and 3D contour plots; the response surface analysis allowed the software to find a mathematical (quadratic or linear) equation for each CAA, based on the CMVs values. (3) The optimal CMVs ranges were determined by defining an analytical design space (ADS) on the superposed contour plots, and one TLC condition was selected as analytical control point.
      TLC on silica gel pre-washed with 10 mL methanol, dried and activated 15 min at 110° C. Separation with toluene – ethyl acetate – methanol 13:3:4 after 15 min pre-saturation with 35 % relative humidity. Absorption measurement at UV 254 nm. The hRF values were 49–51 for AZL and 70–71 for LRT. Linearity range was 400–2000 ng/zone for AZL and 100–500 ng/zone for CLN. Intermediate precision was below 1.6 % (n=3). LOQ were 121 ng/zone for AZL and 34 ng/zone for CLN. Recovery rates were 99.3–99.7 % for AZL and 98.1–99.5 % for CLN. Recovery rates from spiked plasma were 83.3 % for both molecules.

      Classification: 2e, 7, 8b, 16, 23d, 23e, 32a
      131 004
      Simultaneous determination of montelukast sodium and loratadine by eco-friendly densitometry and spectrophotometric methods
      Shimaa A. MAHMOUD*, A.M. EL-KOSASY, F.A. FOUAD
      (*Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; shimaa.ahmed22@azhar.edu.eg)

      J Chrom Sci, bmad025 (2023). Standards (separated and mixed) were montelukast sodium (MKT) and loratadine (LRT). Samples were methanolic solutions of commercial tablets, and purified blood plasma as biological fluid, from patients taking MKT or LRT as oral treatment. TLC on silica gel with ethyl acetate – ethanol 9:1. Visualization under UV 254nm. The hRF values were 80 for MKT and 71 for LRT. Densitometric absorbance measurement at 260 nm (20 mm/s scanning speed). System suitability was verified by resolution, selectivity, capacity and absence of tailing. The method was validated for linearity range (0.3–3.6 μg/zone for MKT, 0.2–4 µg/zone for LRT), for precision, for reproducibility, for robustness, and for accuracy expressed as average recovery values (100 % overall mean) at different concentrations. The TLC-densitometric method was also found statistically equivalent (Student’s t-test and F-test) to a previously described method (HPLC – spectrophotometry), but was better in terms of environmental and health impacts, using green analytical procedure index (GAPI) and analytical eco-scale (scores based on solvents/reagents, energy consumption, occupational hazard and waste generation). The TLC method was also compared to three (equally “green”) different analytical methods of spectrophotometry (without chromatography): response correlation, absorptivity-centering and LRT-MKT ratio derivatives. The TLC method was more sensitive (LOQ values were 82 ng/zone for MKT, 20 ng/zone for LRT).

      Classification: 5c, 7, 17c, 23d, 23e, 24, 32a, 32c
      131 005
      Green TLC-densitometric method for simultaneous determination of antazoline and tetryzoline: application to pharmaceutical formulation and rabbit aqueous humor
      O.G. HUSSEIN, Yasmin ROSTOM*, M. ABDELKAWY, M.R. REZK, D.A. AHMED
      (*Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; yasmin.rostom@pharma.cu.edu.eg)

      J Chrom Sci, bmad042 (2023). Standards (separated and mixed) were antazoline (ANT) and tetryzoline (TET) hydrochlorides. Samples were one commercial ophthalmic solution containing both molecules (unspiked and spiked), and aqueous humour of untreated rabbits as biological fluid, spiked with various concentrations of ANT and TET. TLC on silica gel with ethyl acetate – ethanol 1:1. Visualization under UV 254 nm. Densitometric absorbance measurement at 220 nm (20mm/s scanning speed). The hRF was 47 for TET and 71 for ANT. System suitability was verified by resolution, selectivity, capacity and absence of tailing. The method was validated for linearity range (0.2 – 18 µg/band), for precision, for reproducibility, for robustness, and for accuracy expressed as average recovery values (100 % overall mean) at different concentrations. The method was also found statistically equivalent (Student’s t-test and F-test) to the official corresponding titrimetric methods of the European Pharmacopoeia. Finally, environmental and health impacts of the methods were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed better as the other described methods, using analytical greenness (AGREE), green analytical procedure index (GAPI), national environmental method index (NEMI), and analytical eco-scale (scores based on solvents/reagents, energy consumption, occupational hazard and waste generation).

      Classification: 7, 17a, 23e, 32a, 32f